Figure 1. Generation and propagation of LILFU waveforms through neuronal tissue.

(A) General experimental configuration implemented to transmit LILFU waveforms through slice cultures while optically monitoring neuronal activity. (B) Graphical illustration of some of the variables involved in constructing LILFU waveforms. These variables include acoustic frequency (f), the number of acoustic cycles per tone burst (c/tb), tone burst duration (TBD), pulse repetition frequency (PRF), and number of tone bursts per stimulus (Ntb). (C) Acoustic pressure wave (left) produced by a typical US tone burst consisting of 10 acoustic cycles at f = 0.44 MHz and FFT of this US tone burst (right). For the construction of our primary US stimulus waveform (LILFU-1), we used a linearly sweeping PRF by repeating the illustrated tone burst from 0–100 Hz over a 5 sec period.