Table 1. pDCs but not cDCs exposed to a low dose of IFN-β prior to TLR ligand activation demonstrate DC activation priming.

cDCs	IFN-α	IFN-β	TNF-α	IL-6	IP-10	MIP-1β	RANTES	RIG-I	MXA
PR8	28.45	13.61	7.13	8.64	37.72	9.66	n/d	7.14	12.88
PR8-UV	0.00	0.00	0.64	0.59	2.16	0.44	0.75	0.92	1.97
poly I∶C	0.90	2.12	1.08	1.20	1.58	0.73	0.56	0.63	0.85
CL-075	0.00	0.00	3.01	4.06	0.17	0.80	3.28	1.42	1.82
LPS	0.53	1.75	2.10	0.51	0.84	0.91	0.69	0.37	0.56

cDCs and pDCs were pretreated with IFN-β (50 units/ml) 3 hours prior to treatment with live influenza PR8 virus, or UV-inactivated influenza, or LPS, or CpG, or poly (I∶C), or CL-075 Gardiquimod (Gard). The robustness of priming is given as the fold increase of mRNA expression of IFN+TLR ligand over the amount of expression from the IFN alone sample and TLR alone samples [IFN+TLR ligand sample / (IFN alone sample+TLR alone sample)]. Data are representative of at least two independent experiments in which both dose and time courses of activation were done. n/d signifies not determined.