Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and unadjusted ORs for osteoporosis,^a women 50–85 years of age, NHANES 1999–2004.

	All women (n = 1,051)		Osteoporosis (n = 200)		No osteoporosis (n = 851)
Variable	No.	Percent	No.	Percent	No.	Percent	Unadjusted OR (p-value)
U-Cd levels (μg/g)
≤0.50	527	50	87	44	440	52
0.50–1.00	368	35	80	40	288	34	1.60 (0.04)
> 1.00	156	15	33	17	123	14	1.68 (0.05)
U-Cd arithmetic mean (μg/g)	0.63 (range, <0.01b–4.199)		0.69 μg/g		0.62 μg/g		1.59c (0.02)
Age, arithmetic mean (years)	67 (range, 50–85)		71 years		66 years		1.05 (< 0.01)
Race
Nonwhite	459	44	50	25	409	48
White	592	56	150	75	442	52	2.47 (< 0.01)
Income category, arithmetic meand	5.759 (range, 1–11)		5.527		5.816		0.92 (0.02)
Smoking
Never smoker	620	59	110	55	510	60
Ever smoker	431	41	90	45	341	40	1.39 (0.08)
Underweight (< 127 lb or 57.61 kg)
No	868	83	149	75	719	84
Yes	183	17	51	25	132	16	2.02 (< 0.01)
Renal impairmente
No	1,004	96	186	93	818	97
Yes	43	4	14	7	29	3	2.92 (0.02)

^aOsteoporosis defined per self-report of physician diagnosis.

^bNHANES assigned U-Cd fill values of 0.03 and 0.04 ng/mL for first and second fill value of limits of detection, respectively; dividing by mg/dL creatinine yielded values < 0.01.

^cOR for overall U-Cd interpreted per 1-μg/g creatinine increment.

^dSome respondents reported not knowing their income or did not provide an answer regarding their income category; we coded these data as missing. As a result, 16 subjects with osteoporosis and 106 subjects without osteoporosis were missing values for income.

^eSome respondents reported not knowing whether a doctor told them they have renal impairment or did not provide an answer. We coded these data as missing. As a result, four observations subjects with renal impairment without osteoporosis had missing values.