Table 2.
Indicators of patient safety: excess length of stay (days) and mortality in cases compared with matched controls, England (2005-6) and US (2000)
| Indicator | Match rate % | Excess length of stay (days) | Excess mortality (percent) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| England | US12 | England | US12 | |||||||||||
| England | US | Excess (SE) | P value | Excess (SE) | P value | Excess (SE) | P value | Excess (SE) | P value | |||||
| Decubitus ulcer | 77.2 | 56.0 | 9.14 (0.23) | <0.001 | 3.98 (0.10) | <0.001 | 13.42 (0.51) | <0.001 | 7.23 (0.23) | <0.001 | ||||
| Iatrogenic pneumothorax | 80.5 | 66.0 | 4.35 (0.44) | <0.001 | 4.38 (0.24) | <0.001 | 10.59 (1.29) | <0.001 | 6.99 (0.73) | <0.001 | ||||
| Infections due to medical care | 75.3 | 63.0 | 11.43 (0.37) | <0.001 | 9.58 (0.23) | <0.001 | 5.66 (0.64) | <0.001 | 4.31 (0.35) | <0.001 | ||||
| Postoperative hip fracture | 55.1 | 51.0 | 17.09 (1.98) | <0.001 | 5.24 (0.69) | <0.001 | 18.20 (3.69) | <0.001 | 4.52 (1.34) | <0.001 | ||||
| Postoperative sepsis | 60.5 | 33.0 | 15.90 (0.91) | <0.001 | 10.89 (0.90) | <0.001 | 27.07 (2.07) | <0.001 | 21.92 (1.47) | <0.001 | ||||
| Obstetric trauma: | ||||||||||||||
| Vaginal with instrument | 99.6 | 95.0 | 0.56 (0.04) | <0.001 | 0.07 (0.02) | <0.001 | —* | NA | 0.00 | 0.32 | ||||
| Vaginal without instrument | 99.8 | 99.0 | 0.48 (0.02) | <0.001 | 0.05 (0.01) | <0.001 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.32 | 0.00 | >0.99 | ||||
| Caesarean | 99.2 | 99.0 | 0.20 (0.30) | 0.49 | 0.43 (0.14) | 0.003 | —* | NA | −0.02 (0.02) | 0.32 | ||||
SE=standard error, NA=not applicable.
*No deaths in matched set.