Table. Outbreaks of bluetongue in Europe, 1998–2005*†.

Country	Year of first outbreak	BTV serotype(s)	Main suspected or identified vector(s)
Albania	2002	9	Culicoides obsoletus, C. pulicaris
Bosnia–Herzegovina	2002	9	ND
Bulgaria	1999	9	C. obsoletus, C. pulicaris
Croatia	2001	9, 16	C. obsoletus, C. scoticus
Cyprus	2003	16	C. imicola, C. obsoletus,
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	2001	9	ND
France (Corsica)	2000	2, 4, 16‡	C. imicola, C. pulicaris, C. obsoletus
Greece	1998	1, 4, 9, 16	C. imicola, C. obsoletus
Italy	2000	1, 2, 4, 9, 16	C. imicola, C. obsoletus, C. pulicaris
Kosovo	2001	9	ND
Montenegro	2001	9	ND
Portugal	2004	2,§ 4	C. imicola, C. obsoletus, C. pulicaris
Serbia	2001	9	ND
Spain	2000	2	C. imicola,C. obsoletus, C. pulicaris
Turkey	1998	4, 9, 16	C. imicola,C. obsoletus, C. pulicaris

*BTV, Bluetongue virus; ND, no data recorded.
†Sources (5,7–10).
‡This is an insufficiently attenuated vaccine strain (11).
§This strain is indistinguishable from Onderstepoort BTV-2 live attenuated vaccine strain (7).