Table 1.
Demographics and clinical data of 37 patients with DKA with three intravenous insulin protocols
| Load | No load | Twice no load | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 12 | 12 | 13 |
| Age (years) | 28.6 ± 2.3 (19–44) | 37.3 ± 4.2 (20–66) | 31.8 ± 2.8 (17–50) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 4 | 9 | 6 |
| Male | 8 | 3 | 7 |
| Race | |||
| Caucasian | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| African American | 8 | 12 | 9 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.1 ± 1.6 | 24.6 ± 2.6 | 22.1 ± 1.3 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 8.5 ± 1.7 | 5.6 ± 2.0 | 8.0 ± 2.5 |
| Treatment | |||
| None | 2 | 5 | 2 |
| Diet | 2 | ||
| Insulin | 10 | 7 | 9 |
| Precipitating factor | |||
| Lack of insulin | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| Infection | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Other | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Blood pressure | |||
| Systolic (mmHg) | 125 ± 8 | 127 ± 8 | 128 ± 5 |
| Diastolic (mmHg) | 66 ± 3 | 81 ± 4 | 82 ± 4 |
| Pulse (beats/min) | 109 ± 3 | 108 ± 5 | 113 ± 6 |
| Respiratory rate (per min) | 27 ± 1.0 | 24 ± 1.0 | 29 ± 1.0 |
| Mental status | |||
| Alert | 9 | 5 | 5 |
| Drowsy | 3 | 5 | 7 |
| Stupor | 1 | 1 | |
| Comatose | 1 |
Data are means ± SEM, means ± SEM (range), or n.