Represents mean cognitive behavior for aged, intact male mice administered vehicle control (white bar). E2 (horizontally-striped bar), T (black bar), or 3α-diol (gray bar) in the inhibitory avoidance task (top panel), the hippocampally-mediated portion of the conditioned contextual fear task (middle panel), and the amygdala-mediated portion of the conditioned contextual fear task (lower panel). *Denotes significant difference (P<0.05). #denotes significant trend (P<0.10).