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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Oct 27.
Published in final edited form as: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2006 Aug 10;145(1):61–72. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.07.011

Table 2.

Isolates of freshwater cyanobacteria identified to produce developmental toxins in the zebrafish embryo assay

Isolate Order: Family Extract
Anabaena 66−2 Nostocales: Nostocaceae CHCl3
Calothrix 3−27 Nostocales: Rivulariaceae CHCl3
Calothrix 22−7 Nostocales: Rivulariaceae CHCl3
“Coccoid” 21−11 Chroococcales: N.A. 30% EtOH
Fischerella 52−1 Stigonemetales: Stigonemetaceeae CHCl3
Leptolyngbya 69−5 Oscillatoriales: Pseudanabaenaceae CHCl3
Limnothrix 60−1 Oscillatoriales: Pseudanabaenaceae CHCl3
Nostoc Ev-1 Nostocales: Nostocaceae 30% EtOH
Nostoc 23−2 Nostocales: Nostocaceae 30% EtOH
Nostoc 53−2 Nostocales: Nostocaceae 30% EtOH
Nostoc 58−2 Nostocales: Nostocaceae 30% EtOH
Nostoc 31−4 Nostocales: Nostocaceae CHCl3
Nostoc 33−10 Nostocales: Nostocaceae CHCl3
Nostoc 15−7b Nostocales: Nostocaceae CHCl3
Oscillatoria 48−3 Oscillatoriales: Oscillatoriaceae CHCl3
Plectonema 33−7 Oscillatoriales: Oscillatoriaceae CHCl3
Pseudoanabaena 69−7 Oscillatoriales: Pseudanabaenaceae CHCl3
Scytonema 26−1 Nostocales: Scytonemataceae 30% EtOH, CHCl3
Spirulina 21−0 Oscillatoriales: Oscillatoriaceae CHCl3
Synechococcus 21−10a Chroococcales: N.A. 30% EtOH
Tolypothrix 30−1−4 Nostocales: Nostocaceae CHCl3

All strains were isolated, by standard microbiological methods (Rippka et al., 1979), from freshwater sources in South and Central Florida. Isolates were cultured and extracted in CHCl3 and 30% EtOH, and evaluated for developmental toxicity, using 4- to 32-cell stage embryos, from 1 hpf to 6 dpf (see Materials and methods).