TABLE 1.
PCR primers used in this study
| Primer | Sequence (5′-3′)a | Target | GenBank accession no. | Position | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTX-M-U1 | ATGTGCAGYACCAGTAARGTKATGGC | blaCTX-M genes | AY458016 | 20993-20218 | 18 |
| CTX-M-U2 | TGGGTRAARTARGTSACCAGAAYCAGCGG | 20426-20454 | |||
| CTXM1-F | AAAAATCACTGCGCCAGTTC | blaCTX-M-1 group | AY458016 | 21202-21221 | 30 |
| CTXM1-R | AGCTTATTCATCGCCACGTT | 20807-20826 | |||
| CTXM2-F | CGACGCTACCCCTGCTATT | blaCTX-M-2 group | X92507 | 49-67 | 30 |
| CTXM2-R | CCAGCGTCAGATTTTTCAGG | 581-600 | |||
| CTXM8-F | TCGCGTTAAGCGGATGATGC | blaCTX-M-8 group | AF189721 | 285-304 | 30 |
| CTXM8/25-R | AACCCACGATGTGGGTAGC | 954-973 | |||
| CTXM9-F | CAAAGAGAGTGCAACGGATG | blaCTX-M-9 group | AF174129 | 6343-6364 | 30 |
| CTXM9-R | ATTGGAAAGCGTTCATCACC | 6528-6547 | |||
| CTXM25-Fb | GCACGATGACATTCGGG | blaCTX-M-25 group | AF518567 | 2673-2689 | 30 |
| 42bp-F | GGATTGACCGTATTGGGAGTT | blaCTX-M-9 group | AF252622 | 1716-1736 | This work |
| 5′orf903-R | CGGTTGATGAGGGCTTTATT | IS903 | AF252622 | 2738-2757 | This work |
| 5′orf3-R | GGCGGAAACAATGAGAAAAC | ORF3 | AF252622 | 7478-7497 | 10 |
| orf477-F | GGTGGCATAATTTTTGAAGT | ORF477 | AY458016 | 20151-20170 | This work |
| ISEcp1IR-F | CAATGTGTGAGAAGCAGTCTAAA | Near IRR ISEcp1 | AY458016 | 21332-21354 | This work |
| CR1-F | ACAAATCGGAAGGTCTCG | ISCR1 | AF174192 | 5702-5719 | 11 |
| SHV-F | CGCCGGGTTATTCTTATTTGTCGC | blaSHV and adjacent regions | X98101 | 3-27 | 21 |
| SHV-R | TCTTTCCGATGCCGCCGCCAGTCA | 995-1018 | |||
| FIN | ATTCTTGAAGACGAAAGGGC | blaTEM and adjacent regions | AY458016 | 23841-23860 | 4 |
| DEB | ATGAGTAAACTTGGTCTGAC | 24913-24912 | |||
| blaTEM-F | GAGTATTCAACATTTTCGT | blaTEM | AY458016 | 24052-24070 | 16 |
| blaTEM-R | ACCAATGCTTAATCAGTGA | 24890-24908 | |||
| VEB-F | CGACTTCCATTTCCCGATGC | blaVEB | AF010416 | 343-362 | 19 |
| VEB-R | GGACTCTGCAACAAATACGC | 985-966 | |||
| GES-1A | ATGCGCTTCATTCACGCA | blaGES | AF156486 | 1332-1349 | 25 |
| GES-1B | CTATTTGTCCGTGCTCAG | 2195-2178 | |||
| BES-1F | AGCGGCGAGAGTTACAGCTA | blaBES | AF234999 | 343-362 | This work |
| BES-1R | AGAGGATGGCGATATCGTTG | 931-912 | |||
| SFO-F | GTTCGGTAGCGCACCATTAT | blaSFO | AB003148 | 1477-1496 | This work |
| SFO-R | TTGCCCAAAGTTAGGGTTTG | 2028-2009 | |||
| PER-UF | CCTGACGATCTGGAACCTTT | blaPER | Z21957 | 645-666 | This work |
| PER-UR | TCATCGASGTCCAGTTTTGA | 1055-1036 | |||
| CA1 | ATGTCGCASAYHGAAAATGC | IncFII copA or oriR | AY458016 | 88558-88577 | 22 |
| OR1 | CCTTGCAGTTWWHTGTGRRTAA | 90150-90171 |
a
H = A, C, or T; K = G or T; M = A or C; R = A or G; S = C or G; W = A or T; Y = C or T.
b
Paired with CTXM8/25-R.