Table 1.
Profile of Reports (N=38)
| Ref. # | Report, publication year1 | Method2 | Sample size & racial/ethnic composition3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualitative Reports (n=15)
| |||
| 1 | Black & Miles, 2002 | Qualitative description | 48 (all AA) |
| 2 | Carr & Gramling, 2004 | Ethnographic | 9 (all W) |
| 3 | Chin & Kroesen, 1999 | Qualitative | 9 (all A/PI) |
| 4 | Gielen, O’Campo, Faden, & Eke, 1997 | Qualitative | 50 (43 AA; 5 W; 1 H; 1 O) |
| 5 | Grove, Kelly, & Liu, 1997 | Ethnographic | 22 (18 W; 4 O) |
| 6 | Ingram & Hutchinson, 1999 | Grounded theory | 18 (9 W; 8 AA; 1 H) |
| 7 | Lekas, Siegel, & Schrimshaw, 2006 | Thematic analysis | 158 (68 AA; 46 W; 44 PR) |
| 8 | Murphy, D. A., Roberts, & Hoffman, 2002 | Ethnographic | 47 (23 AA; 10 M/O; 6 H; 4 W; 2 NA/AL; 2 A/PI) |
| 9 | Murphy, D. A., Roberts, & Hoffman, 2003 | Qualitative description | 47 (23 AA; 10 M/O; 6 H; 4 W; 2 NA/AL; 2 A/PI) |
| 10 | Ortiz, 2005 | Qualitative description | 19 (all H) |
| 11 | Schrimshaw & Siegel, 2002 | Thematic analysis | 45 (15 AA; 15 PR; 15 W) |
| 12 | Serovich, Kimberly, & Greene, 1998 | Grounded theory | 13 (7 W; 3 AA; 3 H) |
| 13 | Siegel, Lekas, & Schrimshaw, 2005 | Thematic analysis | 158 (68 AA; 46 W; 44 PR) |
| 14 | Stanley, 1999 | Fieldwork | 15 (all W) |
| 15 | Vallerand, Hough, Pittiglio, & Marvicsin, 2005 | Qualitative description | 35 (31AA; 4 NS) |
|
Quantitative Reports (n=23) | |||
| 16 | Abel, Rew, Gortner, & Delville, 2004 | Pilot intervention | 11 (4 AA; 6 W; 1H) |
| 17 | Armistead, Morse, Forehand, Morse, & Clark, 1999 | Descriptive/correlation | 100 (all AA) |
| 18 | Armistead, Tannenbaum, Forehand, Morse, & Morse, 2001 | Descriptive/correlation | 87 (all AA) |
| 19 | Clark, Lindner, Armistead, & Austin, 2003 | Descriptive/correlation | 98 HIV+ & 146 HIV-negative women (all AA) |
| 20 | Comer, Henker, Kemeny, & Wyatt, 2000 | Descriptive/correlation | 176 (72 AA; 57 H; 47 W) |
| 21 | Derlega, Winstead, Greene, Serovich, & Elwood, 2002 | Descriptive/correlation | 145 total: 105 HIV+ men (59 W; 38 AA; 3 O; 2 H; 3 MD) & 39 HIV+ women (27 AA; 9 W; 2 H; 1 O) &1 sex-unknown HIV+ person |
| 22 | Gielen, Fogarty, et al., 2000 | Descriptive/correlation | 257 (236 AA; 21 O?) |
| 23 | Gielen, McDonnell, Burke, & O’Campo, 2000 | Descriptive/correlation | 310 (293 AA; 17 O) |
| 24 | Jeffe et al., 2000 | Descriptive/correlation | 202 total: 106 HIV+ men (55 AA; 51 W) & 96 HIV+ women (75 AA; 21 W) |
| 25 | Kalichman, DiMarco, Austin, Luke, & DiFonzo, 2003 | Descriptive/correlation | 331 total: 233 HIV+ men & 98 HIV+ women (238 AA; 76 W; 17 O) |
| 26 | Kirschenbaum & Nevid, 2002 | Descriptive/correlation | 56 (28 AA; 23 H; 5 W?) |
| 27 | Letteney & LaPorte, 2004 | Descriptive/correlation | 88 (37 AA; 37 H; 11 W; 1 M?) |
| 28 | Mizuno, Moneyham, Sowell, Demi, & Seals, 1998 | Descriptive/correlation | 256 (209 AA; 46 O; 1 MD) |
| 29 | Murphy, D.A., Steers, & Dello Stritto, 2001 | Descriptive/correlation | 135 (53 AA; 35 H; 28 W; 11 NA/AL; 8 M/O) |
| 30 | Murphy, L. M., Koranyi, Crim, & Whited, 1999 | Descriptive/correlation | 40 (22 W; 16 AA; 2 M) |
| 31 | Ostrom, Serovich, Lim, & Mason, 2006 | Descriptive/correlation | 45 HIV+ women (36 AA; 8 W; 1 H) & 45 children |
| 32 | Pilowski, Sohler, & Susser, 2000 | Descriptive | 29 (21 AA; 7 H; 1 W) |
| 33 | Sayles, Wong, & Cunningham, 2006 | Descriptive/correlation | 1910 total: 1378 HIV+ men & 532 HIV+ women (?race distribution) |
| 34 | Shaffer, Jones, Kotchick, Forehand, & The Family Health Project Research Group, 2001 | Longitudinal/descriptive/Correlation | 99 HIV+ women (all AA) & 99 HIV- children |
| 35 | Simoni, Demas, Mason, Drossman, & Davis 2000 | Descriptive/correlation | 143 (106 AA; 37 B/H) |
| 36 | Sowell, Lowenstein, et al., 1997 | Descriptive/correlation | 82 (56 AA; 26 W) |
| 37 | Sowell, Seals, Phillips, & Julious, 2003 | Descriptive/correlation | 322 (266 AA; 35 O?) |
| 38 | Vanable, Carey, Blair, & Littlewood, 2006 | Descriptive/correlation | 221 total: 124 HIV+ men & 97 HIV+ women (93 AA; 101 W; 27O) |
Notes.
1
Upublished reports were not included as they offered no methodological variation not found in published reports.
2
We found only one pilot intervention study conducted with HIV-positive women to address stigma.
3
All women were HIV-positive unless otherwise noted.
AA=African American; B/H-Black/Hispanic; A/PI=Asian/Pacific Islander; H/PR=Hispanic/Puerto Rican; M=Mixed race; NA/AL=Native American/Alaskan Native; MD=Missing data reported; NS=Not stated; O=Other or race/ethnicity not stated; W=White; ?=error or unclear in report