Table 1. Etiology and sex of 236 Macaca fascicularis stillbirths.
| Incidence of stillbirths (%) | Fetal Sex | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Etiology | N | Female | Male | Undetermined | |
| Undetermined | 144 | 61.02 | 75 | 52 | 17 |
| Fetal causes | |||||
| fetal trauma | 53 | 22.46 | 24 | 29 | - |
| fetal pneumonia | 2 | 0.85 | 2 | - | - |
| congenital anomalies | 1 | 0.42 | - | 1 | - |
| Maternal causes | |||||
| dystocia | 23 | 9.75 | 18 | 5 | - |
| uterine rupture | 1 | 0.42 | - | 1 | - |
| Placental causesa | |||||
| placentitis | 5 | 10.20 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| placental necrosis | 5 | 10.20 | 2 | 3 | - |
| placental abruption | 2 | 0.85 | 1 | 1 | - |
| Total | 236 | 124 | 93 | 19 | |
a
A total of 49 placentas were available for histologic evaluation.