Table 2.
ICU admissiona | Baseline | 6 hours | 12 hours | 24 hours | 48 hours | 72 hours | 96 hours | P value | |
Patients, number | 40 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 37 | 37 | 35 | 33 | |
Heart rate, bpm | 110 ± 19 | 101 ± 18 | 84 ± 17b | 84 ± 14b | 84 ± 13b | 83 ± 13b | 79 ± 13b | 78 ± 14b | <0.001c |
MAP, mm Hg | 59 ± 19 | 85 ± 23 | 82 ± 15 | 85 ± 18 | 87 ± 15 | 90 ± 20 | 91 ± 20 | 90 ± 21 | 0.16 |
CVP, mm Hg | 14 ± 4 | 12 ± 3 | 12 ± 4 | 12 ± 3 | 11 ± 3 | 11 ± 3b | 10 ± 3b | 9 ± 3b | <0.001c |
Cardiac index, L/minute per m2 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 3.4 ± 0.9 | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 3.5 ± 1.0 | 3.5. ± 0.8 | 0.56 |
SVI, mL/beat per m2 | 18 ± 7 | 32 ± 12 | 40 ± 14 | 40 ± 12 | 42 ± 12b | 42 ± 13b | 42 ± 10b | 44 ± 9b | 0.002c |
CPI, W/m2 | 0.24 ± 0.14 | 0.61 ± 0.32 | 0.57 ± 0.22 | 0.60 ± 0.17 | 0.65 ± 0.18 | 0.68 ± 0.30 | 0.71 ± 0.25 | 0.68 ± 0.23 | 0.27 |
ScvO2, percentage | 64 ± 12 | 71 ± 10 | 72 ± 6 | 72 ± 11 | 74 ± 9 | 77 ± 8 | 73 ± 11 | 72 ± 11 | 0.35 |
SVRI, dyne-second/cm5 per m2 | 2,041 ± 1,181 | 2,114 ± 825 | 1,918 ± 897 | 1,913 ± 777 | 1,895 ± 647 | 2,014 ± 800 | 2,060 ± 852 | 1,824 ± 569 | 0.78 |
NE, μg/kg per minute | 0.12 ± 0.25 (n = 18) | 0.17 ± 0.11 | 0.18 ± 0.11 | 0.18 ± 0.11 | 0.17 ± 0.13 | 0.13 ± 0.13 | 0.09 ± 0.08b | 0.06 ± 0.07b | <0.001c |
AVP dosage, IU/hour | NA | 2.0 ± 1.6 | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 0.8 ± 1.1b | <0.001c |
Mil, μg/kg per minute | 0.24 ± 0.19 (n = 6) | 0.31 ± 0.16 | 0.34 ± 0.17 | 0.33 ± 0.16 | 0.30 ± 0.17 | 0.24 ± 0.18 | 0.21 ± 0.19 | 0.12 ± 0.13b | <0.001c |
Meto, mg | NA | 47 ± 19 | NA | NA | 47 ± 41 | 52 ± 42 | 51 ± 42 | 54 ± 37 | NA |
aNot included in the longitudinal mixed-effects analysis. bSignificant effects versus baseline. cSignificant time effect. Data are presented as mean value ± standard deviation. AVP, arginine vasopressin; bmp, beats per minute; CPI, cardiac power index; CVP, central venous blood pressure; ICU, intensive care unit; MAP, mean arterial blood pressure; Meto, metoprolol dosage; Mil, milrinone requirements (n in parentheses indicates the number of patients who received milrinone already at intensive care unit admission); NA, not administered; NE, norepinephrine requirements (n in parentheses indicates the number of patients who received norepinephrine already at intensive care unit admission); ScvO2, central venous oxygen saturation; SVI, stroke volume index; SVRI, systemic vascular resistance index.