Table 2.
Correlations among maternal and paternal parenting stress, child perception of maternal and paternal parenting, and adolescent self-concept
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parenting Stress | ||||||||||||||||
| 1. Parental Distress | -- | .49*** | .47*** | −.16 | −.15 | −.16 | .11 | .13 | .06 | .05 | .09 | −.01 | −.08 | −.11 | −.09 | −.05 |
| 2 Dysfunctional Interaction | .63*** | -- | .71*** | −.16 | −.18 | −.14 | .15 | .18* | .10 | −.04 | .01 | −.08 | −.20* | −.09 | −.16 | −.09 |
| 3. Difficult Child | .51*** | .63*** | -- | −.24** | −.23* | −.23* | .21 | .17 | .21* | −.17 | −.08 | −.21* | −.25** | −.13 | −.12 | −.18* |
| Child Report of Parenting Behavior | ||||||||||||||||
| 4. Acceptance/ Rejection | −.21* | −.20* | −.16 | -- | .91*** | .95*** | −.04 | .04 | −.10 | .02 | −.15 | .19* | .14 | .19* | .11 | .16 |
| 5. Acceptance | −.17 | −.19 | −.15 | .87*** | -- | .75*** | −.14 | −.06 | −.19* | .07 | −.06 | .19* | .23* | .21* | .13 | .20* |
| 6. Child Centeredness | −.14 | −.15 | −.12 | .92*** | .67*** | -- | .06 | .11 | −.01 | −.03 | −.22* | .16 | .07 | .16 | .10 | .12 |
| 7. Autonomy/ Control | .13 | .29** | .23* | −.01 | −.12 | .02 | -- | .91*** | .92*** | −.27** | −.38*** | −.08 | −.49*** | −.11 | −.08 | −.20* |
| 8. Control Through Guilt | .08 | .22* | .14 | .04 | −.07 | .07 | .90*** | -- | .69*** | −.17 | −.29*** | −.00 | −.36*** | −.04 | −.02 | −.11 |
| 9. Instills Anxiety | .16 | .29** | .26** | −.08 | −.18 | −.05 | .90*** | .63*** | -- | −.31*** | −.38*** | −.15 | −.53*** | −.17 | −.12 | −.26** |
| 10. Firm/ Lax Control | .04 | −.04 | −.07 | .14 | .16 | .17 | −.21* | −.07 | −.31*** | -- | .85*** | .85*** | .19* | −.04 | −.07 | −.02 |
| 11. Lax Discipline | .08 | −.05 | −.09 | .01 | .08 | .02 | −.32*** | −.21* | −.37*** | .89*** | -- | .45*** | .21* | −.05 | −.10 | .04 |
| 12. Non- Enforcement Of Rules | −.01 | −.03 | −.03 | .24* | .21* | .28** | −.05 | .08 | −.18 | .89*** | .57*** | -- | .12 | −.03 | −.03 | −.08 |
| Self-concept | ||||||||||||||||
| 13. Scholastic Competence | −.04 | −.07 | −.12 | .03 | .09 | .00 | −.37*** | −.35*** | −.31*** | −.07 | −.01 | −.10 | -- | .33*** | .38*** | .46*** |
| 14. Social Acceptance | .08 | .05 | .01 | .28** | .26** | .28** | −.07 | −.03 | −.10 | .10 | .02 | .16 | .32*** | -- | .49*** | .21* |
| 15. Physical Appearance | −.03 | −.05 | −.04 | .10 | .11 | .10 | −.02 | −.04 | .00 | −.10 | −.12 | −.05 | .41*** | .52*** | -- | .19* |
| 16. Behavioral Conduct | .01 | −.06 | −.12 | .07 | .07 | .08 | −.26** | −.20* | −.26** | −.22* | −.16 | −.23* | .48*** | .23* | .20* | -- |
Note. Correlations for mothers (N = 120) are above the diagonal, and correlations for fathers (N = 106) are below the diagonal.
*
p≤.05.
**
p ≤.01.
***
p ≤.001.