Table 2.
Estimated Prevalence (%) of Clinical Features of Cocaine Dependence Syndromes During the Past 12 Months, by Sociodemographic Characteristics Among Recent Cocaine Users: US National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, NHSDA 1995−1998
| Tolerance | Salience | Control | Narrowing | Emotion | Health | Cut down | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 8.4 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 6.8 | 12.2 | 6.3 | 13.9 |
| Age first used cocaine | |||||||
| Early adolescence | 15.2 | 19.3 | 18.6 | 13.8 | 17.9 | 9.7 | 20.7 |
| Middle adolescence | 9.5 | 15.2 | 11.6 | 8.4 | 14.6 | 7.9 | 14.6 |
| Late adolescence | 6.6 | 8.7 | 10.8 | 3.3 | 10.4 | 4.2 | 14.1 |
| Young adulthood | 2.9 | 6.4 | 11.6 | 2.3 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 6.4 |
| Form of cocaine | |||||||
| HCl Powder | 6.0 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 4.3 | 9.4 | 5.2 | 11.4 |
| Crack+Powder | 15.8 | 22.4 | 21.5 | 14.5 | 20.6 | 9.6 | 21.5 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 9.5 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 8.8 | 13.2 | 7.1 | 14.5 |
| Male | 7.4 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 4.9 | 11.2 | 5.5 | 13.3 |
| Race | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 7.5 | 11.6 | 12.2 | 6.6 | 11.2 | 5.8 | 12.9 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2.9 | 11.4 | 17.1 | 0.0 | 11.4 | 5.7 | 2.9 |
| Hispanic | 10.4 | 13.2 | 12.1 | 6.2 | 13.2 | 6.9 | 14.9 |
| Other | 10.1 | 17.4 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 15.9 | 7.2 | 23.2 |
Tolerance (subjectively felt): `Whether you have built up tolerance for cocaine so that the same mount of cocaine had less effect than before?'
Salience (of drug involvement): `Whether you had a period of a month or more when you spent a great deal of time getting cocaine, using cocaine, or getting over its effects?'
Control (intake control difficulties): `Whether you have used cocaine much more often or in larger amounts than you intended to?'
Narrowing (of non-drug behavior repertoire): `Whether your use of cocaine has often kept you from working, going to school, taking care of children or engaging in recreational activities?'
Problems with Emotion: `Whether your use of cocaine has caused you to have any emotional or psychological problems such as feeling uninterested in things, feeling depressed, feeling suspicious of people, feeling paranoid, or having strange ideas?'
Problems with Health: `Whether your use of cocaine has caused you any health problems such as liver disease, stomach disease, pancreatitis, feet tingling, numbness, memory problems or accidental overdose, a persistent cough, a seizure of fit, hepatitis, or abscesses during the past 12 months?'
Cut down (failed effort): `Whether you have wanted or tried to stop or cut down on your use of cocaine but found you could not?'