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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Med. 2008 May 18;14(6):633–640. doi: 10.1038/nm1770

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Activated NKT cells are required for chronic IL-13-producing macrophages in the lung after viral infection. (a) CD4+ and CD4− NKT cells were purified from mouse lungs at Day 0, 21, and 49 PI and were analyzed for Il-13 mRNA levels. Values represent units of Il-13 mRNA per cell fraction. (b) Corresponding number of cells in each NKT cell fraction. (c) Corresponding values for units of Il-13 mRNA per cell. For (a–c), (*) indicates a significant difference from Day 0 PI. (d) WT and Cd1d1−/− mice were inoculated with SeV or SeV-UV, and lung sections were immunostained for IL-13+CD68+ cells. (e) Using conditions in (d), mouse lungs were analyzed for Il-13 and Muc5ac mRNA levels. (f) WT and Traj18−/− mice were inoculated with SeV or SeV-UV, and lungs at Day 49 PI were analyzed for Il-13 and Muc5ac mRNA levels. (g). WT and Cd1d1−/− mice were inoculated with SeV or SeV-UV, and lung sections at Day 49 PI were immunostained for CD68+ cells. For (d–g), (*) indicates a significant decrease from corresponding value for WT mice. (h) CD4+ and CD4− NKT cells were purified from mouse lungs at PI Day 49 and were analyzed for Ccl3 mRNA by real-time PCR. (*) indicates a significant increase from SeV-UV.