Fig. 8.

Effects of flagellin, IL-1β, and p38 blockers on IL-8 secretion. Confluent Calu-3 monolayers were left untreated or exposed to S. typhimurium flagellin (10⁻⁷ g/ml or 10⁻⁶ g/ml) or IL-1β (10 ng/ml) ± p38 blockers (1 μM SB-202190, 5 μM SB-203580) for 4 h. Bathing solutions were sampled at the beginning of the experiments and then after 4 h, and IL-8 was measured by ELISA. Each bar shows average ±SD of 3–6 paired experiments for each of the treatments. #Significantly different from control, untreated cells for flagellin (P < 0.00001) and IL-1β (P < 0.00001). *Inhibitor-treated significantly different from untreated for flagellin (P < 0.03 for SB-202190, P < 0.0001 for SB-203580).