Table 3.
Associations Between Sleep Disordered Breathing and Dietary Intake†
| Unadjusted |
Adjusted For BMI and Age |
Adjusted For BMI, Age, and Epworth Sleep Scale |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient | p-value | 95% CI | Coefficient | p-value | 95% CI | Coefficient | p-value | 95% CI | |
| Calories (energy in kcal) | 280.77 | 0.02 | (55.2, 506.4) | 237.71 | 0.05 | (−2.2, 477.6) | 217.3 | 0.08 | (−23.2, 457.9) |
| Men | 132.48 | 0.33 | (−133.2, 398.1) | 89.11 | 0.55 | (−204.8, 383.0) | 72.75 | 0.63 | (−221.2, 366.7) |
| Women | 551.22 | 0.02 | (108.9, 993.6) | 463.85 | 0.06 | (−11.7, 939.4) | 437.42 | 0.07 | (−42.0, 917.2) |
| Protein (g) | 14.99 | <0.01 | (6.0, 24.0) | 12.25 | 0.01 | (2.6, 21.9) | 11.73 | 0.02 | (2.0, 21.4) |
| Men | 10.37 | 0.06 | (−0.4, 21.1) | 5.43 | 0.37 | (−6.4, 17.3) | 5.11 | 0.40 | (−6.8, 17.0) |
| Women | 24.29 | <0.01 | (6.7, 41.9) | 22.76 | 0.02 | (3.66, 41.86) | 21.96 | 0.03 | (2.6, 41.3) |
| Total Fat (g) | 17.82 | <0.01 | (6.2, 29.5) | 13.40 | 0.04 | (1.0, 25.9) | 12.40 | 0.05 | (−0.1, 24.9) |
| Men | 9.56 | 0.18 | (−4.4, 23.5) | 5.34 | 0.50 | (−10.1, 20.8) | 4.49 | 0.57 | (−11.0, 20.0) |
| Women | 36.01 | <0.01 | (13.6, 58.4) | 28.88 | 0.02 | (4.8, 53.0) | 27.75 | 0.03 | (3.4, 52.1) |
| Total Carbohydrates (g) | 12.59 | 0.36 | (−14.2, 39.4) | 9.49 | 0.51 | (−18.8, 37.8) | 6.18 | 0.67 | (−22.1, 34.4) |
| Men | 3.90 | 0.81 | (−27.6, 35.4) | 3.19 | 0.86 | (−31.3, 37.7) | 0.49 | 0.98 | (−33.8, 34.8) |
| Women | 25.59 | 0.35 | (−28.4, 79.6) | 16.09 | 0.58 | (−41.9, 74.1) | 12.17 | 0.68 | (−46.1, 70.4) |
| Total Saturated Fatty Acids (g) | 6.19 | <0.01 | (2.0, 10.4) | 4.78 | 0.04 | (0.3, 9.3) | 4.29 | 0.06 | (−0.2, 8.8) |
| Men | 3.42 | 0.19 | (−1.7, 8.5) | 1.78 | 0.53 | (−3.8, 7.4) | 1.36 | 0.63 | (−4.2, 7.0) |
| Women | 11.82 | <0.01 | (3.9, 19.8) | 9.75 | 0.03 | (1.3, 18.3) | 9.24 | 0.04 | (0.7, 17.8) |
| Trans-Fatty Acids (g) | 1.39 | <0.01 | (0.6, 2.2) | 0.80 | 0.05 | (0.0, 1.6) | 0.72 | 0.08 | (−0.1, 1.5) |
| Men | 0.95 | 0.04 | (0.1, 1.8) | 0.59 | 0.24 | (−0.4, 1.6) | 0.52 | 0.30 | (−0.5, 1.5) |
| Women | 2.52 | <0.01 | (0.9, 4.12) | 1.36 | 0.11 | (−0.3, 3.0) | 1.26 | 0.14 | (−0.4, 2.9) |
| Sucrose (g) | −3.23 | 0.35 | (−10.0, 3.6) | −2.66 | 0.48 | (−10.0, 4.7) | −3.62 | 0.33 | (−10.9, 3.7) |
| Men | −4.65 | 0.28 | (−13.0, 3.7) | −3.52 | 0.46 | (−12.9, 5.9) | −4.20 | 0.34 | (−13.6, 5.2) |
| Women | −1.89 | 0.76 | (−14.3, 10.5) | −2.17 | 0.75 | (−15.7, 11.4) | −3.58 | 0.60 | (−17.0, 9.8) |
| Cholesterol (mg) | 98.84 | <0.01 | (58.8, 138.9) | 87.56 | <0.01 | (44.3, 130.9) | 88.16 | <0.01 | (44.5, 131.9) |
| Men | 92.56 | <0.01 | (43.0, 142.1) | 59.84 | 0.03 | (5.1, 114.6) | 60.64 | 0.03 | (5.6, 115.7) |
| Women | 85.34 | 0.02 | (15.8, 154.9) | 82.52 | 0.04 | (5.2, 159.9) | 82.90 | 0.04 | (4.1, 161.7) |
| Total Dietary Fiber (g) | −0.46 | 0.70 | (−2.7, 1.8) | −0.95 | 0.45 | (−3.4, 1.5) | −1.18 | 0.35 | (−3.7, 1.3) |
| Men | −0.70 | 0.56 | (−3.3, 1.9) | −0.49 | 0.74 | (−3.4, 2.4) | −0.69 | 0.64 | (−3.6, 2.2) |
| Women | 1.24 | 0.61 | (−3.6, 6.1) | 0.18 | 0.95 | (−5.1, 5.5) | −0.06 | 0.98 | (−5.4, 5.3) |
†
Comparing participants with RDI ≥ 50 to participants with RDI < 50.
*
Example interpretation for cholesterol (unadjusted): On average, participants with RDI ≥ 50 consume 98.84 more mg of cholesterol a day than participants with RDI < 50.