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. 2008 Aug 8;95(10):4924–4933. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.108.136077

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Modulation of local pH gradient at membrane level of a cardiolipin containing vesicle induces dynamic cristae-like membrane invaginations. GUV is made of PC/PE/CL 60:30:10 mol/mol in buffer at pH 8. The local delivery of HCl (100 mM pH 1.6), which lowers the local pH, is carried out by a micropipette (its position is pointed by the arrow in frame t = 0 s).The induced membrane invagination (frame 22.8 s) is completely reversible (frames 38.7–66.4) as far as the acid delivery is stopped. Deflated GUV yield cristae-like morphology with large tubes and vesicular shape segments. (See Movie S1.)