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. 2008 Nov 7;3(11):e3671. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003671

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

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(a) Nine population groups based on the CCL3L1-CCR5 GRG status of sexual partners. The estimated proportions (prevalence) of the GRGs in the general population are based on data from the HIV-positive WHMC cohort [20]. L, M, and H denote low, moderate, and high GRG status, respectively. The color codes shown are used to illustrate the nine population groups (Grp) in panels b to g. (b) Estimates of Ro for the nine color-coded GRG-defined population groups. (c) Simulated epidemic growth in GRG-defined population groups. Methods are in SOM, section 1.9 online. (d to f) Attributable fractions (AF, panel d), critical response time (CRT, panel e) and Pc (f) in the nine population groups. The calculations for Pc (f) assume a vaccine efficacy of 50%. (g) Influence of varying vaccine efficacy estimates on Pc in the nine GRG-defined population. groups shown in panel a. Pc values greater than unity (dashed horizontal line) indicate the point at which repeated mass vaccination might be necessary. Pc for population group #1 was zero. Additional data relevant to these studies are shown in Table S2 online.