Calibration plot for the amperometric current with different concentrations of PfHRP-2 under optimized conditions for the bare SPE, the MWCNT/SPE, and the Nano-Au/MWCNT/SPE in DEA buffer, pH 9.8. Applied potential, 450 mV versus the Ag/AgCl/sat-KCl reference electrode, with a stirring speed of 700 rpm (n = 6). I/nA, current in nanoamperes.