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. 2006 Apr;40(4):299–303. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.020941

Table 2 Comparison of femoral torsion combined (FTC), passive external rotation of the hip combined (PERC), and turnout (TO) between those starting classical ballet training before and after 11 years of age.

Before 11 years (n = 52) 11 years and after (n = 12) t Value p Value
FTC (°) 36.92 (8.87) 36.65 (10.06) 0.09 0.929
PERC (°) 100.05 (20.37) 92.9 (19.2) 1.108 0.272
TO (°) 138.33 (20.13) 126.75 (26.41) 1.691 0.096

Values are mean (SD).