Table 2.
Pre-meeting Web Survey Based Ratings of Cognitive Constructs
| All RESPONDENTS (N=110) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1=Does not meet this criteria; 2=Meets this criteria somewhat; 3=Meets this criteria moderately; 4=Meets this criteria very well; 5=Meets this criteria extremely well | ||||||||
| Candidate Cognitive Mechanisms for Second Survey
(Number of people who said not enough information to judge in parentheses) |
Readily measured in humans | Strong evidence of impairment in schizophrenia | Clarity of the link to a specific neural circuit | Clarity of the understanding of the cognitive system or mechanisms | Availability of an explicit animal model | Link to neural systems through neuropsychopharmacology | Measures practically amenable for use in human imaging studies | Linked to functional outcome in schizophrenia |
| Perception | Mean/Median/Mode | |||||||
| ICC | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.77 |
| Visual Motion Processing | 4.4–5–5 (8) | 3.4–3.5–4 (26) | 3.7–4–4 (12) | 3.5–4–4 (13) | 3.4–4–4 (22) | 2.4–2–3 (31) | 4.1–4–5 (13) | 1.9–2–1 (39) |
| Visual Form Processing | 4.3–4–5 (9) | 2.7–3–2 (21) | 3.4–3–3 (13) | 3.3–3–3 (14) | 3.1–3–3 (17) | 2.2–2–2 (27) | 4.1–4–4 (15) | 2.0–2–1 (39) |
| Visual Feature Binding | 3.7–4–4 (18) | 2.8–3–3 (30) | 2.7–3–3 (21) | 2.8–3–3 (20) | 2.3–2–2 (29) | 2.1–2–2 (32) | 3.3–3–4 (23) | 2.1–2–1 (46) |
| Gestalt Processing | 3.8–4–4 (18) | 3.0–3–3 (33) | 2. 0–2–2 (26) | 2.3–2–2 (21) | 1.7–1–1 (28) | 1.7–1 - 1 (30) | 3.1–3–3 (23) | 2.2–2–1 (47) |
| Auditory Perception | 4.5–5–5 (3) | 3.4–3–3 (13) | 3.7–4–4 (7) | 3.5–4–4 (9) | 3.1–3–4 (11) | 2.5–2–2 (17) | 3.8–4–4 (5) | 2.4 –2–3 (30) |
| Working Memory | ||||||||
| ICC | 0.70 | 0.10 | 0.79 | 0.87 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.75 | 0.76 |
| Storage | 4.6–5–5 (6) | 4.0–4–5 (9) | 3.7–4–4 (8) | 3.7–4–4 (7) | 3.7–4–4 (10) | 3.5–4–4 (11) | 4.4–5–5 (7) | 3.5–4–4 (7) |
| Updating | 4.2–4–5 (14) | 4.0–4–4 (20) | 3.2–3–3 (16) | 3.2–3–3 (11) | 2.9–3–3 (21) | 3.0–3–3 (22) | 3.9–4–4 (16) | 3.2–3–3 (40) |
| Manipulation | 4.2–4–5 (11) | 4.1–4–5 (16) | 3.4–4–4 (11) | 3.2–3–4 (11) | 2.8–3–3 (16) | 2.9–3–3 (18) | 4.0–4–5 (11) | 3.4–4–4 (33) |
| Control Processing | 4.0–4–5 (7) | 4.0–4–4 (12) | 3.3–3–3 (11) | 3.1–3–3 (9) | 2.7–3–2 (15) | 2.7–3–3 (19) | 3.8–4–5 (10) | 3.5–4–4 (27) |
| Long-term Learning and Memory | ||||||||
| ICC | 0.73 | 0.92 | 0.77 | 0.68 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.61 | 0.84 |
| Encoding | 4.5–5–5 (5) | 4. 0–4–5 (9) | 3.6–4–4 (5) | 3.5–4–4 (5) | 3.5–4–4 (6) | 3.4–3–4 (9) | 4.1–4–4 (5) | 3.5–3.5–3 (17) |
| Retrieval | 4.5–5–5 (3) | 3.6–4–4 (7) | 3.4–3–3 (4) | 3.3–3–3 (5) | 3.3–3–3 (7) | 3.1–3–3 (12) | 3.9–4–4 (5) | 3.5–4–4 (19) |
| Source Memory | 4.2–4–5 (10) | 3.4–3–3 (19) | 2.9–3–3 (14) | 2.9–3–3 (12) | 2.2–2–2 (6) | 2.2–2–2 (18) | 3.7–4–3 (12) | 2.7–3–2 (31) |
| Strategy Gen and App | 3.7–4–3 (7) | 3.9–4–4 (15) | 2.6–3–3 (12) | 2.7–3–3 (12) | 1.9–2–1 (18) | 2.1–2–2 (21) | 3.2–3–3 (9) | 3.3–3–3 (25) |
| Recollection | 4.3–5–5 (7) | 3.5–3–3 (16) | 3.0–3–3 (10) | 3.0–3–3 (9) | 2.4–2–2 (11) | 2. 5–2–2 (16) | 3.7–4–3 (7) | 3.1–3–3 (27) |
| Familiarity | 4.0–4–4 (9) | 2.4–2–2 (26) | 2.7–2.5 –2 (15) | 2.8–3–2 (14) | 2.4–2–2 (19) | 2.1–2–2 (23) | 3.6–4–4 (12) | 2.3–2–2 (36) |
| Semantic Memory/Representations | 4.4–5–5 (4) | 3.4–4–4 (11) | 2.8–3–3 (7) | 3.0–3–3 (8) | 1.7–1–1 (12) | 2–2–2 (15) | 3.9–4–4 (6) | 2.9–3–3 (28) |
| Semantic Priming | 4.3–5–5 (5) | 3.2–3–3 (16) | 2.7–2–2 (12) | 2.9–3–2 (9) | 1.6–1–1 (12) | 2.0–2–2 (17) | 3.8–4–4 (6) | 2.3–2–2 (32) |
| Reinforcement based learning | 4.2–4–5 (4) | 2.8–3–3 (18) | 3.2–3–3 (6) | 3.3–3–4 (5) | 4.1–4–4 (4) | 3.6–4–4 (7) | 3.7–4–4 (8) | 2.3–2–2 (32) |
| Attention | ||||||||
| ICC | 0.69 | 0.93 | 0.86 | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.19 |
| Attention Shifting | 4.4–5—5 (2) | 4.0–4–4 (4) | 3.4–3–3 (4) | 3.4–3–3 (3) | 3.3–3–4 (6) | 3.2–3–3 (8) | 4.0–4–4 (3) | 3.3–3–3 (18) |
| Selection Under Distraction | 4.3–5–5 (4) | 3.9–4–4 (8) | 3.0–3–3 (8) | 3.2–3–3 (7) | 3. 0–3–2 (11) | 2.8–3–2 (12) | 3.9–4–4 (6) | 3.1–3–3 (24) |
| Preparatory Attention | 4.0–4–5 (6) | 3.2–3–3 (20) | 3.0–3–3 (16) | 2.9–3–3 (11) | 2.9–3–3 (14) | 2.8–3–2 (17) | 3.6–4–3 (9) | 2.8–2.5–2 (34) |
| Executive Control | ||||||||
| ICC | 0.58 | 0.82 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.92 | 0.73 |
| Set-Shifting | 4.4–5–5 (1) | 4.2–4–5 (5) | 3.4–3–3 (4) | 3.4–4–4 (4) | 3.4–3–3 (7) | 3.2–3–3 (9) | 4.1–4–4 (4) | 3.5–3–3 (14) |
| Sequencing | 4.0–4–5 (9) | 3.2–3–3 (17) | 2.7–3–3 (13) | 2.8–3–3 (12) | 2.4–2–2 (16) | 2.2–2–2 (19) | 3.5–4–4 (11) | 2.7–2.5–2 (27) |
| Conflict Monitoring | 4.1–4–5 (9) | 3.4–3–3 (16) | 3.4–4–4 (10) | 3.3–4–4 (10) | 2.7–3–2 (15) | 2.5–2–2 (15) | 3.9–4–4 (11) | 2.8–3–2 (27) |
| Conflict Resolution | 3.6–4–4 (14) | 3.0–3–3 (25) | 2.8–3–3 (14) | 2.7–2–2 (15) | 2.3–2–2 (19) | 2.2–2–2 (21) | 3.2–3–3 (14) | 2.5–2–2 (34) |
| Meta-Cognition | 3.3–3–3 (9) | 3.4–3–3 (17) | 1.8–2–2 (14) | 2.0–2–2 (13) | 1.3–1–1 (17) | 1.4–1–1 (19) | 2.5–2–2 (10) | 2.8–3–2 (32) |
| Planning | 3.7–4–5 (3) | 3.8–4–4 (6) | 2.7–3–3 (6) | 2.7–3–3 (6) | 2.2–2–2 (11) | 2.1–2–2 (12) | 3.2–3–3 (5) | 3.3–3–4 (18) |
| Social Cognitive Processing | ||||||||
| ICC | 0.93 | 0.86 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 0.76 | 0.86 | 0.70 | 0.41 |
| Facial Affect Recognition | 4.4–5–5 (2) | 3.6–4–4 (10) | 3.2–3–3 (4) | 3.1–3–3 (5) | 2.1–2–1 (11) | 2.0–2–2 (11) | 4.2–4–5 (5) | 2.9–3–2 (23) |
| Emotion Regulation | 3.3 –3–3 (10) | 3.0–3–2 (23) | 2.5–2–2 (18) | 2.5–2–2 (17) | 1.6–1–1 (19) | 1.9–2–2 (19) | 3.0–3–3 (12) | 2.7–3–2 (32) |
| Emotion: Decision & Memory | 3.4–3–3 (8) | 2.7–2–2 (24) | 2.5–2–2 (14) | 2.5–2–2 (14) | 1.9–2–1 (20) | 2.0–2–2 (18) | 3.2–3–3 (11) | 2.3–2–2 (31) |
| Theory of Mind | 3.5–4–3 (6) | 3.3–3–4 (12) | 2.1–2–2 (10) | 2.1–2–2 (9) | 1.4–1 –1 (19) | 1.3–1–1 (17) | 3.1–3–3 (12) | 2.7–3–2 (34) |