Table 3.

Adjusted, Standardized Relative Hazards of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Related to Estimated Whole Blood Viscosity, Hematocrit, and Plasma Proteins, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, 1987–1998^a

	Risk Factor
	Whole Blood Viscosity			Hematocrit			Plasma Proteins
	RHb	95% Confidence Interval	P Value	RHb	95% Confidence Interval	P Value	RHb	95% Confidence Interval	P Value
Model A	1.34	1.25, 1.43	<0.01	1.32	1.23, 1.41	<0.01	1.14	1.08, 1.20	<0.01
Model B	1.23	1.15, 1.32	<0.01	1.21	1.13, 1.30	<0.01	1.11	1.05, 1.18	<0.01
Model C	1.21	1.13, 1.29	<0.01	1.20	1.12, 1.28	<0.01	1.07	1.01, 1.13	<0.01
Model D	1.20	1.13, 1.29	<0.01	1.19	1.11, 1.27	<0.01	1.11	1.05, 1.18	<0.01
Model E	1.11	1.04, 1.19	0.001	1.11	1.03, 1.19	0.003	1.05	0.99, 1.11	0.06

Abbreviations: BUN, blood urea nitrogen; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume at 1 second; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance defined as (fasting plasma insulin (μU/mL) × fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L))/22.5; RH, relative hazard; SD, standard deviation; WBC, white blood cell count.

^aModel A adjusts simultaneously for age, sex, race, and field center. Model B adjusts simultaneously for all variables in model A as well as body mass index. Model C adjusts simultaneously for all variables in model A as well as HOMA-IR. Model D adjusts simultaneously for all variables in model B as well as smoking, number of cigarettes per year in current smokers, FEV₁, BUN/creatinine ratio, physical activity, WBC, and fibrinogen. Model E adjusts simultaneously for all variables in model D as well as HOMA-IR.

^bRH indicates adjusted relative hazards per 1-standard deviation difference in whole blood viscosity (SD = 0.453), hematocrit (SD = 3.72), and plasma protein (SD = 0.44).