Skip to main content
. 2008 Nov 18;3(11):e3753. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003753

Table 3. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for gestational diabetes (GDM) according to both maternal plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficient status and pre-pregnancy overweight status.

Vitamin D deficiency* Overweight** GDM Cases Controls Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Adjusted1 OR (95% CI)
(N = 57) (N = 114)
No No 22 75 1.00 (referent) 1.00 (referent)
Yes No 7 9 2.65 (0.89–7.93) 2.36 (0.75–7.43)
No Yes 16 23 2.37 (1.07–5.25) 2.24 (0.99–5.08)
Yes Yes 12 7 5.84 (2.05–16.6) 4.93 (1.63–14.9)
P value for interaction term 0.93 0.93
*

Vitamin D deficiency is defined as maternal plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <20 ng/ml (Holick MF, [reference 1]).

**

Overweight is defined as pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2.

1

Adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, and family history of diabetes.