Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Average and standard deviation for the bin heights in Fig. 3
| z | σz (theor) | z (c) | σz (c) | z (cf) | σz (cf) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 0.59 | 4.38 | 4.73 | 5.14 | 0.51 |
| 10 | 0.81 | 8.69 | 7.92 | 10.07 | 0.67 |
| 20 | 1.09 | 17.68 | 12.37 | 20.03 | 1.15 |
| 40 | 1.33 | 35.67 | 17.48 | 39.86 | 2.58 |
Comparison between the values expected theoretically for unbiased ranking (first 2 columns), those obtained empirically when articles are ranked according to c (3rd and 4th columns), and according to cf (last 2 columns).
