Figure 5. Curcumin inhibits the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-activated human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (HIMECs). Pretreatment of HIMECs with 10 µM curcumin following VEGF activation resulted in inhibition of p44/42 MAPK, p38 MAPK and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation.
