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The TNM system
| Primary tumor (T) | |
| T0 | No evidence of primary tumor |
| Tis | Carcinoma in situ |
| T1 | Tumor confined to mucosa or invades lamina propria or submucosa |
| T2 | Tumor invades muscularis propria |
| T3 | Tumor invades adventitia |
| T4 | Tumor invades adjacent structures |
| Regional lymph nodes (N) | |
| N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
| N1 | Regional lymph node metastasis |
| Distant metastasis (M) | |
| M0 | No distant metastasis |
| M1 | Distant metastasis |
