Table 3.

MANCOVA results and standardized canonical coefficients for the allocation of resources to maintenance and reproduction

Source of variation	Pillai’s trace (F)	df	P	Canonical variates			Standardized canonical coefficients
				Variate no.	% variation	P	No. bloodmeals	Reproductive output	Longevity
Pop	2.66	9, 141	0.0101	1	78.7	0.0079	−0.04	1.12	0.11
				2	14.2	0.2526	1.56	−0.63	−0.76
				3	7.1	0.1789	0.21	−0.80	1.12
Northern vs. southern	1.66	3, 45	0.1882	1	100	0.1882	1.08	0.09	−0.09
BL vs. FM	1.01	3, 45	0.3967	1	100	0.3967	0.47	0.01	0.71
BL vs. TA	5.54	3, 45	0.0025	1	100	0.0025	0.27	0.93	0.02
BL vs. VA	3.92	3, 45	0.0143	1	100	0.0143	−0.45	1.09	0.51
FM vs. TA	2.86	3, 45	0.0474	1	100	0.0474	0.60	0.96	0.30
FM vs. VA	1.99	3, 45	0.1283	1	100	0.1283	−0.95	1.46	0.16
TA vs. VA	1.42	3, 45	0.2483	1	100	0.2483	1.28	0.14	−0.79
Initial bloodmeal size	0.03	3, 43	0.9913	1	100	0.9913	0.89	−1.47	0.25
Wing length	2.25	3, 43	0.0960	1	100	0.0960	1.00	−0.52	0.71
Date of initial bloodmeal	1.48	3, 43	0.2339	1	100	0.2339	1.43	−0.27	−0.35

Multivariate pairwise contrasts of populations were made at experiment-wise α = 0.10 (sequential Bonferroni correction, six comparisons). Significant effects and pairwise comparisons are indicated in bold.