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. 2008 Sep 16;17(11):1448–1456. doi: 10.1007/s00586-008-0772-0

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics of variables measured in 92 patients with chronic low back pain

Variable n Mean (SD)
Psychological variables
 SCL-90-R 86 123.3 (26.6)
 BDI 82 7.3 (5.7)
 ALCOS-SF 88 69.6 (9.1)
 SES 86 33.5 (4.2)
 TSK 85 36.4 (5.6)
 PCL
  Pain impact 70 43.8 (8.0)
  Catastrophizing 71 40.2 (11.4)
  Outcome efficacy 71 20.2 (4.0)
  Acquiescence 69 8.9 (2.5)
  Reliance on health care 71 19.2 (3.4)
 UCL
  Palliative reaction 73 17.0 (3.0)
  Active coping 71 18.3 (2.8)
  Social support 73 12.7 (2.9)
  Avoidance 73 15.2 (2.5)
  Expression of emotionsa 73 6 (5–6.5)
  Passive copinga 73 10 (9–11.5)
  Coping self statements 73 11.9 (2.7)
Disability
 Lifting performance (kg) 92 27.8 (14.7)
  Men 60 32.5 (15.4)
  Women 32 18.8 (7.8)
 Carrying performance (kg) 88 31.8 (16.4)
  Men 56 35.9 (17.4)
  Women 32 24.4 (11.4)
 Forward bending performance (s)a 91 156 (108–273)
  Mena 59 173 (86–273)
  Womena 32 149 (115–278)
 RMDQ 92 12.6 (4.8)
  Men 60 12.7 (5.0)
  Women 32 12.5 (4.5)

SCL-90-R Symptom Checklist-90- Revised, BDI Beck Depression Inventory, ALCOS-SF General Self Efficacy Scale-Short Form, SES Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, TSK Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, PCL-E Pain Cognition List, experimental version, UCL Utrecht’s Coping List, RMDQ Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire

aDue to a skewed distribution, median and interquartile range are presented