FIGURE 4.
Endoglin promotes Smad1/5/8 activation. A, Endo+/+ and endo-/- MEECs were serum-starved for 6 h prior to treatment with TGF-β1 for 20 min at the indicated doses. Cells were harvested, the lysates normalized for protein levels via Bradford assay, and levels of Smad 1/5/8 and Smad 2 phosphorylation were assessed with phosphospecific Smad 1/5/8 and Smad 2 antibodies. Upper panels, immunoblot of phospho-Smad1/5/8 (left) and phospho-Smad 2 (right) levels. Lower panels, immunoblot of total Smad 1 (left) and Smad 2(right) levels. B, Endo+/+ and endo-/- MEECs were treated with 50 pm TGF-β1 for the indicated times and analyzed for Smad 1/5/8 and Smad 2 phosphorylation (upper panels, left and right, respectively). Lower panels, immunoblots of total Smad 1 (left) and Smad 2 (right) levels. Data are representative of three independent experiments.