Table 3.
Never users |
Quitters |
Continuing users |
|||||||||||||||||
Blacks |
Hispanics |
Blacks |
Hispanics |
Blacks |
Hispanics |
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Whites | Whites | Whites | |||||||||||||||||
% (ref.) | % | OR | % | OR | % (ref.) | % | OR | % | OR | % (ref.) | % | OR | % | OR | |||||
Negative consequences: (1) Concerned about psychological damage; (2) concerned about physical damage; (3) parents would disapprove; (4) might lead to stronger drugs; (5) possible loss of control of myself; (6) concerned about becoming addicted; (7) concerned about getting arrested; (8) loss of energy or ambition; (9) partner would disapprove; (10) I might have a bad trip | |||||||||||||||||||
1 | 70.8 | 65.8 | 0.77‡ | 67.2 | 0.85* | 57.0 | 56.6 | 1.00 | 57.0 | 1.12 | 45.9 | 51.4 | 1.30‡ | 51.8 | 1.47‡ | ||||
2 | 70.2 | 65.0 | 0.77‡ | 63.4 | 0.75† | 55.4 | 57.4 | 1.13 | 55.4 | 1.14 | 46.5 | 50.5 | 1.22* | 42.9 | 1.01 | ||||
3 | 62.8 | 58.9 | 0.84‡ | 60.4 | 0.88* | 53.9 | 51.3 | 0.89 | 55.4 | 1.09 | 50.8 | 50.9 | 1.00 | 55.0 | 1.23* | ||||
4 | 56.5 | 58.0 | 1.05 | 56.7 | 0.99 | 47.5 | 50.6 | 1.14 | 51.1 | 1.18 | 34.8 | 43.3 | 1.48‡ | 39.8 | 1.32* | ||||
5 | 55.6 | 54.9 | 0.93* | 54.1 | 0.90 | 41.4 | 45.2 | 1.14 | 49.7 | 1.41† | 32.6 | 35.8 | 1.16* | 37.2 | 1.30* | ||||
6 | 54.4 | 57.4 | 1.09* | 57.8 | 1.06 | 39.0 | 48.9 | 1.50‡ | 48.4 | 1.40‡ | 30.5 | 40.9 | 1.64‡ | 38.1 | 1.35‡ | ||||
7 | 48.3 | 42.7 | 0.81‡ | 43.0 | 0.77† | 42.4 | 37.0 | 0.79 | 45.6 | 1.10 | 40.5 | 35.7 | 0.81†a | 44.4 | 1.14 | ||||
8 | 37.4 | 40.4 | 1.14‡ | 37.7 | 0.98 | 33.0 | 36.1 | 1.14 | 38.0 | 1.24* | 30.6 | 36.1 | 1.30* | 34.1 | 1.21 | ||||
9 | 33.4 | 32.6 | 0.94 | 31.2 | 0.88 | 37.5 | 31.4 | 0.75†a | 42.2 | 1.18 | 29.8 | 27.4 | 0.89a | 34.9 | 1.26 | ||||
10 | 24.7 | 27.3 | 1.13 | 25.6 | 1.01 | 21.4 | 25.5 | 1.23 | 25.2 | 1.20* | 17.0 | 20.2 | 1.26† | 21.9 | 1.38 | ||||
Lack of interest/impractical: (1) Don't feel like getting high; (2) not enjoyable; (3) too expensive; (4) not available | |||||||||||||||||||
1 | 64.5 | 54.9 | 0.65‡a | 67.4 | 1.06 | 62.7 | 59.9 | 0.86a | 67.8 | 1.19* | 55.9 | 51.9 | 0.84a | 60.9 | 1.23* | ||||
2 | 19.0 | 26.8 | 1.62‡ | 24.3 | 1.47‡ | 54.7 | 56.0 | 1.04 | 53.8 | 1.10 | 41.7 | 35.1 | 0.74‡ | 32.9 | 0.77 | ||||
3 | 26.4 | 18.0 | 0.63‡a | 15.3 | 0.50‡ | 27.0 | 19.0 | 0.65‡a | 14.8 | 0.49‡ | 25.3 | 16.2 | 0.57‡ | 13.9 | 0.51‡ | ||||
4 | 7.1 | 7.8 | 1.10 | 6.6 | 0.87 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 1.15 | 3.7 | 0.77 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 1.02 | 4.9 | 1.29 | ||||
Personal beliefs/peer influences: (1) Against my beliefs; (2) don't like being with users; (3) friends don't use it | |||||||||||||||||||
1 | 64.7 | 53.6 | 0.61‡ | 49.6 | 0.54‡ | 38.0 | 30.6 | 0.72‡ | 30.2 | 0.79* | 22.8 | 20.7 | 0.89 | 16.7 | 0.77 | ||||
2 | 50.9 | 48.1 | 0.87‡ | 48.1 | 0.88† | 36.0 | 31.4 | 0.81† | 33.8 | 0.91 | 20.2 | 14.1 | 0.64 | 16.3 | 0.75* | ||||
3 | 44.4 | 32.3 | 0.57‡a | 36.9 | 0.69‡ | 31.2 | 23.0 | 0.65‡ | 25.4 | 0.75* | 15.7 | 10.7 | 0.64 | 10.7 | 0.71‡ |
Notes: Model information: never users (n = 31,180); quitters (n = 6,980); continuing users (n = 7,920). All models simultaneously control for race/ethnicity and individual year dummies. aOdds for blacks significantly differ from those of Hispanics (p ≤ .05). OR = odds ratio.
p < .05;
p < .01;
p < .001.