TABLE 3.
Vaccine protection against pneumonic plague in cynomolgus macaques
| Vaccine group | Nonhuman primate | rLcrV titera | rV10 titera | rF1 titera | Mouse exptb
|
Nonhuman primate exptc
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of survivors/no. challenged | Time of death (days) | Aerosol challenge dose (CFU) | Status 14 days postchallenge | Time of death (days) | |||||
| 1 (PBS/adjuvant) | 4833 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/2 | 7-8 | 1.27 × 104 | D | 4 |
| 4885 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/2 | 5-9 | 1.45 × 104 | A | NAd | |
| 4846 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/1 | 5 | 2.30 × 104 | D | 5 | |
| 13437 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/2 | 4-5 | 2.29 × 104 | D | 4 | |
| 2 (rLcrV) | 4817 | 50,000 | NDe | ND | 2/2 | NA | 1.08 × 104 | A | NA |
| 4825 | 175,000 | ND | ND | 2/2 | NA | 1.96 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 13440 | 100,000 | ND | ND | 2/2 | NA | 2.45 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 3 (rV10) | 4875 | ND | 90,000 | ND | 2/2 | NA | 1.27 × 104 | A | NA |
| 4843 | ND | 32,000 | ND | 2/2 | NA | 1.08 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 42147 | ND | 80,000 | ND | 2/2 | NA | 2.38 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 4855 | ND | 140,000 | ND | 2/2 | NA | 2.27 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 4 (rF1) | 24162 | ND | ND | 45,000 | 2/2 | NA | 1.18 × 104 | D | 7 |
| 4877 | ND | ND | 7,500 | 0/2 | 10-13 | 5.45 × 103 | A | NA | |
| 4852 | ND | ND | 20,000 | 2/2 | NA | 2.21 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 24217 | ND | ND | 52,000 | 2/2 | NA | 2.14 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 5 (rLcrV + rF1) | 4864 | 31,000 | ND | 10,000 | 2/2 | NA | 1.07 × 104 | A | NA |
| 4838 | 26,000 | ND | 26,000 | 1/2 | 13 | 1.65 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 4878 | 53,000 | ND | 19,000 | 2/2 | NA | 2.69 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 4809 | 40,000 | ND | 14,000 | 2/2 | NA | 2.76 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 6 (rV10 + rF1) | 42149 | ND | 42,000 | 20,000 | 2/2 | NA | 1.07 × 104 | A | NA |
| 4812 | ND | 23,000 | 10,000 | 2/2 | NA | 8.83 × 103 | A | NA | |
| 4873 | ND | 65,000 | 22,000 | 2/2 | NA | 2.26 × 104 | A | NA | |
| 4836 | ND | 95,000 | 35,000 | 1/2 | 7 | 2.21 × 104 | A | NA | |
a
Serum antibody titers against specific antigens in nonhuman primates were determined by ELISA.
b
Naïve BALB/c mice were passively immunized by intraperitoneal injection of 500 μl of nonhuman primate serum 60 min prior to plague challenge via subcutaneous injection of 20 MLD of Y. pestis CO92.
c
Nonhuman primates were challenged with Y. pestis CO92 using an aerosol. A, alive; D, dead.
d
NA, not applicable.
e
ND, not determined.