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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eat Behav. 2008 May 10;9(4):398–407. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2008.04.004

Table 3.

Frequency and percent of participants endorsing symptoms by study.

NES Symptom [N (%)] Study 1 Look AHEAD (n=929) Study 2 Pre-Gastric Bypass (n=147) Study 3 Psychiatric Clinic (n=177) Study 4 Stunkard NES Visit (n=77) Study 5 Stunkard Control (n=45) Study 6 Phone Interview (n=106) Combined Sample (n=1479)
Morning anorexia 218 (23.5%) 87 (59.2%) 104 (58.8%) 55 (71.4%) 9 (20%) 80 (75.5%) 553 (37.3%)
Delayed morning Meal 119 (12.8%) 25 (17.0%) 55 (31.1%) 40 (51.9%) 8 (17.8%) 46 (43.4%) 293 (19.8%)
Evening hyperphagia and/or nocturnal eating 222 (23.9%) 42 (28.6%) 68 (38.4%) 76 (98.7%) 3 (6.7%) 96 (90.6%) 507 (34.3%)
Initial insomnia 174 (18.7%) 50 (34.0%) 78 (44.1%) 44 (57.2%) 2 (4.4%) 70 (66.0%) 418 (28.2%)
Night awakenings 188 (20.2%) 62 (42.2%) 83 (46.9%) 68 (88.3%) 4 (8.9%) 67 (63.2%) 384 (25.9%)
Total Symptoms [Mean (SD)] 1.0 (1.2) 2.2 (1.3) 2.4 (1.7) 4.5 (1.2) 0.6 (0.8) 4.3 (1.5) 1.6 (1.6)