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. 2008 Dec;57(12):3169–3176. doi: 10.2337/db08-1084

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Physiological and behavioral defenses against hypoglycemia in humans. ACh, acetylcholine; NE, norepinephrine; PNS, parasympathetic nervous system; SNS, sympathetic nervous system. From Cryer PE: Mechanisms of sympathoadrenal failure and hypoglycemia in diabetes. J Clin Invest 116:14701–473, 2006. © 2006, American Society for Clinical Investigation. All rights reserved.