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PE-induced vasoconstriction for PPT and DPN. Vehicle, control, and E2 are demonstrated for comparison. Force was measured immediately before the induction of hypoxia and is expressed as %change from baseline contraction. The ER-α agonist at a 5 × 10−5 M concentration rapidly decreased PE-induced vasoconstriction similar to E2. N = 4–10/group. †P < 0.001 vs. control; #P < 0.01 vs. vehicle; *P < 0.05 vs. control, E2 and PPT 5 × 10−5 M.
