Table 1.

Particle Characteristics

Particle	Zeta potential	Native size (nm) provided by supplier	Suspension Size (nm)	Organic content	Surface area
NIST 2975	−6.47 ± 0.54	1620	402 ± 15.7	2.7%	91 m2/g
NIST 1650	−7.99 ± 0.52	1550	1346 ±145	20.2%	108 m2/g
Truck	−6.27 ± 1.76	140	525 ± 8.9	30%	NA
Generator lowa	−2.38 ± 0. 65	NA	1229 ± 270	86%	NA
Generator higha	−7.04 ± 1.14	NA	347 ± 19	26%	NA
Ottawa	−18.3 ± 1.20	500	870 ±144	NA	NA
St. Louis	−15.07 ± 1.64	5900	2432 ± 318	2.3%	NA
Wash. DC	−10.00 ± 1.98	12900	1745 ± 423	4.5%	NA
Black Smoker	−12.16 ± 1.98	NA	80 ± 38	68%	NA
Avg Gasoline	−7.14 ± 1.40	NA	860 ± 268	52%	NA
Elftex 12	−4.89 ± 1.05	12	336 ± 10	Lowb	443 m2/g
Monarch 900	−4.42 ± 0.29	15-16	178 ± 4.7	Lowb	320 m2/g
Monarch 1000	−4.47 ± 0.57	15-16	705 ± 156	Lowb	340 m2/g
Silica	−12.36 ± 0.36	1700	856 ± 91.7	< 0.5%	NA

^aLow and high refer to the load imposed on the generator.

^bOrganic content was not measured, but is assumed to be low.

^cNA: not available.