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. 2008 Nov 24;205(12):2781–2789. doi: 10.1084/jem.20081588

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© 2008 Qing et al.

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.jem.org/misc/terms.shtml). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

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Figure 2. — VPA improves memory deficits in AD transgenic mice. A Morris water maze test consists of 1 d of visible platform tests and 4 d of hidden platform tests, plus a probe trial 24 h after the last hidden platform test. Animal movement was tracked and recorded by HVS 2020 Plus image analyzer. The 7-mo APP23 age group mice were tested after 1 mo of daily VPA (n = 30 mice) or vehicle solution (n = 30 mice) injections. (A) During the first day of visible platform tests, the VPA-treated and control APP23 mice exhibited a similar latency to escape onto the visible platform. P > 0.05 by Student's t test. (B) The VPA-treated and control APP23 mice had similar swimming distances before escaping onto the visible platform in the visible platform test. P > 0.05 by Student's t test. (C) In hidden platform tests, mice were trained with 6 trials per day for 4 d. VPA-treated APP23 mice showed a shorter latency to escape onto the hidden platform on the third and fourth day. P < 0.001 by ANOVA. (D) The VPA-treated APP23 mice had a shorter swimming length before escaping onto the hidden platform on the third and fourth day. P < 0.01 by ANOVA. (E) In the probe trial on the sixth day, the VPA-treated APP23 mice traveled into the third quadrant, where the hidden platform was previously placed, significantly more times than controls. *, P < 0.005 by Student's t test.