Table 2.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With and Without Proteinuria
| Without Proteinuria (n=263) |
With Proteinuria (n=24) |
P Valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 38.8 (0.6) | 39.0 (1.9) | 0.9 |
| Sex (men) | 173 (66) | 15 (63) | 0.7 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.6 (0.4) | 29.3 (1.2) | 0.2 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.82 (0.04) | 0.9 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 106.5 (1.4) | 110.3 (4.6) | 0.4 |
| History of hypertension | 29 (11) | 7 (29) | 0.02 |
| History of diabetes | 10 (4) | 10 (42) | <0.001 |
| QUICKI | 0.34 (0.31–0.36) | 0.31(0.30–0.33) | 0.03 |
| HIV infection | 122 (46) | 22 (92) | <0.001 |
| HIV RNA level, log10 copies/ml | 2.3 (2.3–4.2) | 3.5 (2.3–4.5) | 0.1 |
| HIV RNA level <400 copies/ml | 61 (50) | 7 (32) | 0.1 |
| CD4 cell count, cells/mm3 | 392 (228–617) | 251 (148–422) | 0.07 |
| CD4 cell count < 200 cells/mm3 | 23 (19) | 8 (36) | 0.09 |
| On HAART | 89 (73) | 17 (77) | 0.7 |
| Chronic hepatitis | 121 (46) | 13 (54) | 0.5 |
| Intravenous drug use | <0.001 | ||
| Never IDU | 134 (51) | 5 (21) | |
| Prior IDU | 66 (25) | 15 (63) | |
| Current IDU | 63 (24) | 4 (17) |
a
Test used: continuous variables, F-test or Wilcoxon test; categorical variables, Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test.
b
All patients were categorized into one of three IDU groups (never, prior, current). Never IDU include patients with non-intravenous drug use.
Note: Data are number (percent), mean (SE), or median (25th–75th percentiles). To convert serum creatinine in mg/dL to µmol/L, multiply by 88.4; eGFR in mL/min/1.73 m2 to mL/s/1.73 m2, multiply by 0.01667.
Abbreviations: QUICKI, quantitative insulin check index; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; IDU, intravenous drug use; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.