Table 4.

Risk Factors Associated With Proteinuria in Univariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression Models

Variables	Unadjusted (Univariate) Odds Ratio (95% CI)	P Value	Adjusted (Multivariate) Odds Ratio (95% CI)	P Value
HIV	12.7 (2.9–55.2)	<0.001	10.2 (2.2 – 48.3)	0.003
Chronic hepatitis	1.4 (0.6 – 3.2)	0.5
Intravenous drug use:
Prior IDUa	6.1 (2.1 – 17.5)	<0.001	5.2 (1.6 – 16.4)	0.005
Current IDUa	1.7 (0.4 – 6.6)	0.4	2.8 (0.6 – 12.3)	0.2
Hypertension or Diabetes	8.3 (3.4 – 20.0)	<0.001	8.2 (3.1 – 21.7)	<0.001

^aReference category is never IDU.

Note: Variables tested in the model but not found to be significant include age, sex, body mass index, and serum creatinine.

Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IDU, intravenous drug use.