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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Nov 24.
Published in final edited form as: J AOAC Int. 2004;87(5):1070–1082.

Table 3.

Isomerization of β-carotene during extraction procedure

Percentage of (β-carotene isomers %a
Direct
After extraction
Sample All-trans 9-cis 13-cis 15-cis All-trans 9-cis 13-cis 15-cis
Almost pure all-trans-β-carotene 97.2 0.7 2.2 97.4 0.8 1.9
Heat-isomerization (β-carotene 73.0 1.1 23.4 2.5 72.6 1.6 24.0 1.8
a

Total β-carotene = 100%.