Table 5.
Incidence of minor bleeding and subcutaneous bleeding (petechia or ecchymosis) by modes of stimulation (9)
| Reactions | Mode of stimulation | Number of events | Total number of insertion | Incidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minor bleeding | Electroacupuncture | 312 | 9249 | 3.37% |
| Needle retentiona | 372 | 13 187 | 2.82% | |
| Manual stimulationb | 49 | 7668 | 0.64% | |
| Subcutaneous | Electroacupuncture | 44 | 9249 | 0.48% |
| bleeding | Needle retentiona | 31 | 13 187 | 0.24% |
| Manual stimulationb | 21 | 7668 | 0.27% |
aNeedle retention: needles are retained for 10–20 min after insertion, and then removed.
b#Manual stimulation: needle tips are moved up and down approximately 10 times in the muscle, and then removed.