Table 1.

Review of the Studies Combining Antiangiogenic Approaches With TMZ Treatment in GBM Models.

Compound	Properties	Model	Graft	Effects	References
TNP-470	Inactivates MetAP2 resulting in endothelial cell cycle arrest; antiangiogenic	Rat C6	s.c.	↓ TMZ concentrations in the tumor interstitial fluid	[47]
				↓ of microvessels
		Human SF188 [VEGF-] and transfected VEGF +	s.c. and i.c.	↓ TMZ tumor concentrations	[48]
				↓ TMZ tumor/plasma ratio in both s.c. and i.c. models
				↓ of microvessels [only in VEGF +]
SU-5416	VEGFR-2 inhibitor antiangiogenic	Human SF188 transfected VEGF +	s.c. and i.c.	↑ TMZ tumor/plasma ratio only in i.c. models and not s.c.	[49]
				↓ of microvessels
Thalidomide [THD]	Immunomodulator [↓ TNF-α] sedative, hypnotic antiangiogenic	Rat C6	i.c.	THD +TMZ tumor growth <TMZ or THD with ↑ apoptosis, ↓ bFGF and VEGF by TMZ or THD	[18]
HIF-1α knockdown	Antiangiogenic	Human D54MG	s.c.	↑ TMZ therapeutic benefit	[46]
				↑ cytotoxic effects of TMZ in vitro under hypoxia
Vandetanib	Anti-Tyr kinases VEGFR-2 and EGFR; antiangiogenic	Human E98 and U87	i.c.	↓ TMZ therapeutic benefit, restore the BBB	[50]
				↓ TMZ-induced apoptosis
Sunitinib	Anti-Tyr kinases [VEGFR1 VEGFR3, PDGFR, stem cell factor receptor…]; antiangiogenic	Human SF188 transfected VEGF +	s.c.	↑ TMZ tumor/plasma ratio vascular normalization	[51]
Galectin-1 siRNA	Decreases the unfolded protein response, impairs VEGF maturation and secretion	Human Hs683	i.c.	↑ TMZ therapeutic benefit	[24]

The principal property of each compound is underlined.