Table 5.
Parameter Estimates From Cholesky Models for MPQ Primary Scales and Higher-Order Factors (Age 17 to Age 24)
| MPQ Scale | Variance Partition at Age 24 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age 17 |
Age 24 |
a2 |
e2 |
a2 |
e2 |
|||
| a2 | e2 | a2 | e2 | (from 17) | (from 17) | (unique) | (unique) | |
| Well-being | .50 | .50 | .46 | .54 | .20 | .05 | .26 | .48 |
| (.42, .57) | (.43, .58) | (.38, .54) | (.46, .62) | (.13, .29) | (.02, .09) | (.17, .34) | (.41, .56) | |
| Social Potency | .50 | .50 | .41 | .59 | .26 | .11 | .15 | .48 |
| (.42, .56) | (.44, .58) | (.32, .49) | (.51, .68) | (.18, .34) | (.07, .17) | (.08, .22) | (.41, .55) | |
| Achievement | .42 | .58 | .43 | .57 | .22 | .08 | .21 | .49 |
| (.34, .50) | (.50, .66) | (.33, .52) | (.48, .67) | (.14, .32) | (.04, .13) | (.12, .29) | (.41, .57) | |
| Social Closeness | .31 | .69 | .43 | .57 | .27 | .07 | .16 | .50 |
| (.21, .40) | (.60, .78) | (.34, .52) | (.48, .66) | (.16, .40) | (.03, .11) | (.05, .26) | (.42, .58) | |
| Stress Reaction | .38 | .62 | .41 | .59 | .20 | .11 | .21 | .48 |
| (.29, .46) | (.54, .71) | (.32, .50) | (.50, .68) | (.12, .29) | (.07, .17) | (.13, .29) | (.41, .56) | |
| Alienation | .40 | .60 | .44 | .56 | .20 | .09 | .25 | .47 |
| (.32, .47) | (.53, .68) | (.35, .52) | (.48, .65) | (.12, .29) | (.05, .14) | (.16, .33) | (.40, .55) | |
| Aggression | .45 | .55 | .53 | .47 | .25 | .05 | .28 | .42 |
| (.37, .52) | (.48, .63) | (.45, .60) | (.40, .55) | (.17, .35) | (.02, .09) | (.20, .36) | (.36, .49) | |
| Control | .37 | .63 | .30 | .70 | .15 | .11 | .15 | .59 |
| (.29, .46) | (.55, .71) | (.19, .39) | (.61, .81) | (.07, .24) | (.06, .17) | (.07, .24) | (.51, .68) | |
| Harm Avoidance | .51 | .49 | .51 | .49 | .37 | .08 | .14 | .42 |
| (.43, .57) | (.43, .57) | (.42, .58) | (.42, .58) | (.28, .46) | (.04, .12) | (.06, .21) | (.36, .49) | |
| Traditionalism | .60 | .40 | .57 | .43 | .33 | .03 | .24 | .40 |
| (.54, .66) | (.34, .46) | (.50, .64) | (.36, .50) | (.25, .41) | (.01, .05) | (.16, .32) | (.34, .47) | |
| Absorption | .48 | .52 | .46 | .54 | .25 | .06 | .21 | .47 |
| (.40, .55) | (.45, .60) | (.38, .54) | (.46, .62) | (.17, .33) | (.03, .11) | (.14, .29) | (.41, .55) | |
| Agentic-PEM | .50 | .50 | .49 | .51 | .35 | .06 | .15 | .44 |
| (.43, .57) | (.43, .57) | (.41, .57) | (.43, .59) | (.26, .44) | (.03, .11) | (.07, .23) | (.38, .52) | |
| Communal-PEM | .48 | .52 | .51 | .49 | .26 | .07 | .25 | .42 |
| (.40, .55) | (.45, .60) | (.43, .59) | (.41, .57) | (.18, .35) | (.04, .12) | (.17, .33) | (.35, .49) | |
| NEM | .40 | .60 | .45 | .55 | .23 | .08 | .22 | .47 |
| (.31, .47) | (.53, .69) | (.36, .53) | (.47, .64) | (.15, .33) | (.05, .13) | (.13, .30) | (.40, .54) | |
| CON | .53 | .47 | .50 | .50 | .26 | .11 | .24 | .39 |
| (.46, .60) | (.40, .54) | (.42, .58) | (.42, .58) | (.18, .34) | (.06, .16) | (.17, .31) | (.33, .46) | |
Note. N = 1252 individuals from 626 twin pairs, some with missing data. a2 = additive genetic variance; e2 = nonshared environmental variance. Variance Partition at Age 24 = Partitioning of the total variance at age 24 into the genetic and environmental effects that are contributed from age 17 (from 17), and genetic and environmental effects which are unique to age 24 (unique). 95% Confidence Intervals are listed in parentheses underneath the respective parameter estimates. All estimates are from a combined model in which the parameter estimates were constrained across men and women. MPQ = Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire; PEM = Positive Emotionality; NEM 5 Negative Emotionality; CON = Constraint.