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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer. 2008 Oct 15;113(8):2073–2081. doi: 10.1002/cncr.23808

Table 2.

Associations between selected clinical or reproductive factors and EIN status at index biopsy

EIN Classification
Benign EIN Cancer
N % N % N % P-value
Menarche (in years) 0.30
 <12 48 17% 12 4% 2 1%
 12–13 95 33% 53 19% 8 3%
 14+ 45 16% 17 6% 4 1%
Ever had irregular menses 0.02
 Yes 110 56% 54 27% 8 3%
 No 19 10% 6 2% 0 0%
Ever pregnant 0.007
 No 19 5% 23 6% 5 1%
 Yes 211 59% 84 23% 18 5%
No. of live births 0.30
 0–1 40 11% 21 6% 4 1%
 2–3 115 32% 53 15% 11 3%
 4+ 75 21% 33 9% 8 2%
BMI (body mass index; kg/m2) 0.02
 <25 58 17% 26 8% 8 2%
 25–29 53 15% 17 5% 4 1%
 30–34 46 14% 10 3% 4 1%
 35–39 30 9% 13 4% 2 1%
 40+ 26 8% 34 10% 4 1%
Menopausal status at index biopsy 0.87
 Pre/peri 151 43% 66 19% 8 2%
 Postmenopausal 75 21% 36 10% 15 4%
  Age at menopause (in yrs) 0.87
  <=45 11 3% 7 2% 0 0%
  46–52 37 11% 16 5% 8 2%
  52+ 23 7% 8 2% 6 2%
Ever had diabetes 0.03
 No 158 52% 66 22% 15 5%
 Yes 39 13% 24 9% 4 1%
Smoking status at index biopsy 0.87
 Never 134 40% 61 18% 10 3%
 Former 51 15% 22 7% 6 2%
 Current 26 8% 20 6% 4 1%
Oral contraceptive use 0.08
 Never 137 42% 61 19% 18 6%
 Ever 69 21% 34 11% 4 1%
HT use at index biopsy <0.0001
 Never 96 31% 44 14% 11 4%
 Former 41 13% 21 7% 3 1%
 Current 62 20% 27 9% 7 2%
HT use at diagnosis/censor <0.0001
 Never 28 8% 19 6% 6 2%
 Former 99 29% 42 12% 4 1%
 Current 92 27% 42 12% 11 3%
Type of treatment for EH 0.48
 None 28 8% 4 1% 2 1%
 MPA-based 202 56% 103 29% 21 6%

HT, menopausal hormone therapy. MPA, medroxyprogesterone acetate.

P-value <0.05 indicates a statistically significant association between that clinical or reproductive factor and EIN classification.

Table combines 126 cases and 234 controls with EIN classification of benign, EIN, or cancer.