Table 2.
Hazard Ratios (and 95% CIs) from Cox Proportional Hazards Models: Cohort I
| Women | Men | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor (Risk Period)* | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted |
| AD (<30) | .81 (.65–1.00) | .84 (.65–1.09) | ].88 (.76–1.03) | .99 (.84–1.16) |
| AD (≥30) | .27 (.10–.75) | .29 (.11–.80) | ||
| Sociodemographic Characteristics | ||||
| Birth year | 1.00 (.98–1.02) | .97 (.94–.99) | ||
| HS drop-out (<20) | 7.46 (4.64–11.99) | ⊤
1.75 (1.35–2.27) ⊥ |
||
| HS drop-out (20–24) | 2.92 (2.47–3.45) | |||
| HS drop-out (≥25) | 1.26 (1.08–1.46) | 1.13 (.94–1.37) | ||
| HS degree (<20) | .41 (.32–.54) | ⊤
.92 (.77–1.09) | ⊥ |
||
| HS degree (20–24) | .64 (.56–.72) | |||
| HS degree (≥25) | .82 (.71–.95) | |||
| Religious affiliation | 1.23 (1.07–1.41) | 1.23 (1.04–1.46) | ||
| Church attendance | .98 (.89–1.07) | .90 (.78–1.05) | ||
| Never married (<25) | ⊤
.04 (.03–.06) ⊥ |
.09 (.04–.21) | ||
| Never married (≥25) | .01 (.002–.04) | |||
| Smoking History | ||||
| Regular smoking (<20) | 1.64 (1.30–2.07) | ⊤
1.05 (.92–1.20) ⊥ |
||
| Regular smoking (20–29) | ⊤
.90 (.82–.98) ⊥ |
|||
| Regular smoking (≥30) | .78 (.61–1.00) | |||
| History of Psychopathology | ||||
| CD (<25) | 1.39 (.98–1.97) | ⊤
1.05 (.90–1.22) ⊥ |
||
| CD (≥25) | .68 (.39–1.18) | |||
| MDD (<30) | ⊤
1.13 (1.03–1.24) ⊥ |
1.14 (.96–1.36) | ||
| MDD (≥30) | .59 (.38–.91) | |||
| Suicide attempt (<20) | ⊤
.95 (.76–1.20) ⊥ |
8.74 (2.69–28.40) | ||
| Suicide attempt (≥20) | 1.00 (.54–1.86) | |||
| Panic attack | 1.17 (.96–1.41) | 1.12 (.76–1.66) | ||
| Family and Childhood Risks | ||||
| Maternal alcoholism | .82 (.64–1.04) | 1.41 (1.03–1.91) | ||
| Paternal alcoholism | 1.03 (.93–1.14) | 1.11 (.94–1.32) | ||
| CSA | 1.18 (.99–1.41) | .80 (.55–1.56) | ||
*
Note: risk period in years of age; AD = alcohol dependence; HS = high school; CD = childhood conduct disorder; MDD= major depressive disorder; CSA = childhood sexual abuse.