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Common synthetic routes to natural AHLs. A: Solution-phase amide coupling conditions. HSL = homoserine lactone. EDC = 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride. B: Solid-phase synthetic route for the generation of AHLs from l-methionine-loaded amino-polystyrene (Met-PS) resin. DIC = N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide.
