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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anal Chem. 2007 Jul 12;79(17):6868–6873. doi: 10.1021/ac071162h

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Junction gap nanochannel formation and preconcentration operation. (a) Schematic diagrams for nanogap formation and preconcentration steps. (b) Time-evolutioni of junction gap breakdown process. We applied the high electrical field of 25 V/µm across two microchannels and acquired the trapezoidal nanogap structure between two microchannels which can act as permselective membrane.