Table 4.
Factors associated with inability to get up and lying on the floor for over an hour after falling, with unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals)
| Unable to get up without help after ≥1 fall | Lying on floor for at least 1 hour after ≥1 fall | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No of participants (n=53) | Unadjusted (95% CI) | Adjusted* (95% CI) | No of participants (n=20) | Unadjusted (95% CI) | Adjusted* (95% CI) | ||
| Mean (SD) age (years) | 94.9 (2.8) | 94.5 (1.9) | |||||
| For each additional year of age | – | 1.4 (1.0 to 2.1) | 1.7 (1.0 to 2.8) | – | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.2) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.2) | |
| Women v men | 48 (91) | 6.0 (1.4 to 25.5) | 2.5 (0.4 to 15.6) | 18 (90) | 1.9 (0.4 to 9.8) | 1.5 (0.3 to 8.7) | |
| Left school aged ≥15 v ≤14 | 21 (40) | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.9) | 0.4 (0.1 to 2.0) | 8 (20) | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.5) | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.6) | |
| Non-manual v manual social class† | 23 (45) | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.4) | 0.5 (0.1 to 2.3) | 11 (55) | 1.6 (0.6 to 4.7) | 1.6 (0.6 to 4.8) | |
| Place of residence: | |||||||
| Supported setting (sheltered/institution) v community | 30 (57) | 15.7 (1.9 to 129.0) | 7.1 (0.6 to 76.1) | 10 (50) | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.4) | 0.9 (0.3 to 3.0) | |
| Living alone v with spouse/other family (excluding institutions) | 31/35 (89) | 4.8 (1.1 to 22.3) | 10.1 (1.0 to 99.0) | 13/14 (93) | 4.0 (0.5 to 35.5) | 5.9 (0.5 to 77.6) | |
| Maximum walking distance: | |||||||
| Unable v unable to walk around local area | 46 (87) | 7.7 (2.0 to 29.6) | 5.0 (1.0 to 26.7) | 18 (90) | 3.2 (0.6 to 15.8) | 3.0 (0.6 to 15.9) | |
| Unable v unable to walk outdoors | 18 (34) | 6.2 (0.7 to 51.3) | 3.7 (0.2 to 68.6) | 4 (20) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.8) | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.5) | |
| Use of walking aid: | |||||||
| Needed v not needed outdoors (excluding unable to walk outdoors) | 44/46 (96) | 6.6 (1.0 to 44.9) | 2.4 (0.2 to 23.6) | 17/18 (94) | 1.8 (0.2 to 17.7) | 1.4 (0.1 to 15.5) | |
| Needed v not needed indoors | 39 (74) | 4.5 (1.3 to 15.9) | 1.7 (0.3 to 8.7) | 16 (80) | 2.6 (0.7 to 8.9) | 2.6 (0.6 to 10.3) | |
| Cannot climb stairs or <1 v ≥1 flight/day | 44 (83) | 16.3 (3.7 to 71.3) | 16.6 (3.1 to 87.7) | 16 (80) | 1.9 (0.6 to 6.8) | 1.7 (0.5 to 6.7) | |
| Severe cognitive impairment‡ v moderate/no impairment | 23 (43) | 9.2 (1.1 to 76.0) | 4.1 (0.4 to 46.3) | 13 (65) | 5.9 (1.9 to 18.5) | 8.1 (2.1 to 31.0) | |
| Recalled falls in past year§: | |||||||
| ≥1 v none | 37 (71) | 3.9 (1.1 to 14.0) | 2.7 (0.5 to 13.9) | 13 (65) | 1.0 (0.3 to 3.1) | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.9) | |
| ≥2 v none | 31 (60) | 8.3 (1.6 to 43.8) | 5.3 (0.6 to 44.6) | 11 (55) | 1.1 (0.4 to 3.6) | 1.0 (0.3 to 3.5) | |
| Injuries sustained in falling: | |||||||
| Any v none | 40 (75) | 4.9 (1.4 to 17.7) | 3.0 (0.6 to 14.6) | 17 (85) | 3.6 (0.9 to 14.2) | 3.5 (0.9 to 14.4) | |
| Serious v non-serious/none | 13 (25) | 3.9 (0.5 to 32.9) | 3.2 (0.3 to 42.7) | 8 (40) | 4.4 (1.3 to 15.4) | 4.2 (1.2 to 14.8) | |
| Serious v none (excluding non-serious) | 8.0 (0.9 to 73.4) | 6.6 (03. to 170.8) | 8.0 (1.6 to 40.3) | 7.4 (1.3 to 41.1) | |||
| Hospital admissions: | |||||||
| All cause hospital admission v no admission | 31 (59) | 7.8 (1.6 to 38.5) | 17.9 (2.3 to 140.3) | 13 (65) | 2.4 (0.8 to 7.2) | 2.4 (0.8 to 7.3) | |
| Fall related hospital admission v no fall related admission | 24 (45) | 9.9 (1.2 to 82.0) | 21.1(1.9 to 230.5) | 12 (60) | 3.8 (1.3 to 11.5) | 4.0 (1.3 to 12.3) | |
| Moving to institutional care**: | |||||||
| Moved into care within 1 year v not moved into care | 11/38 (29) | —†† | —†† | 5/14 (36) | 2.9 (0.7 to 11.6) | 2.4 (0.5 to 11.0) | |
| Moved into care by study end censoring v not moved | 15/38 (39) | —†† | —†† | 8/15 (53) | 3.4‡‡ (1.2 to 9.5) | 2.3‡‡ (0.8 to 7.0) | |
*Model selected by multiple variable regression adjusted for age, sex, and mobility (climbing less than flight of stairs/day); hospital admissions adjusted only for mobility because of low numbers).
†Data missing for two.
‡Mini-mental state examination score 0-17 or diagnosis of dementia.
§Data missing for one.
**Excludes 15/66 who fell who were already in long term institutional care.
††No one who was able to get up unaided moved into care within 1 year follow-up nor by end of study censoring.
‡‡Hazard ratio.