TABLE 2.

Twenty efflux and transport genes upregulated during biofilm growth

Gene	b no.	Change (fold) during biofilm formationa		Product
		83972	VR50
yqgA	b2966	39.45	10.42	Putative transport protein
mdtL	b3710	11.46	15.27	Multidrug efflux system protein (increases resistance to fosfomycin and chloramphenicol)
aaeX	b3242	24.78	9.21	Membrane protein of efflux system
mdtG	b1053	8.82	11.64	Predicted drug efflux system (increases resistance to fosfomycin and chloramphenicol)
aaeA	b3241	30.89	4.07	p-Hydroxybenzoic acid efflux system component
setB	b2170	7.42	5.96	Lactose/glucose:proton efflux pump (MFS family)
yjeH	b4141	8.96	2.82	Predicted transporter
ynfM	b1596	3.62	7.39	Predicted transporter (MFS family)
cmr	b0842	6.86	4.89	Multidrug efflux system protein (increased resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and EtBr)
yfhD	b2558	4.1	5.31	Putative periplasmic binding protein of transport system
aaeB	b3240	12.39	1.96	p-Hydroxybenzoic acid efflux system component
ybjL	b0847	7.63	2.17	Predicted transporter
ycdZ	b1036	6.97	2.83	Putative transport protein
yojI	b2211	4.66	1.94	Predicted multidrug/microcin J25 efflux pump
ygaY	b2680	2.78	3.79	Uncharacterized transport protein (MFS family)
yhaO	b3110	2.21	7.66	Inner membrane transport protein
sugE	b4148	3.51	2.48	Multidrug efflux system protein
mdtI	b1599	3.59	1.77	Multidrug efflux system transporter
yejA	b2177	2.31	3.49	Microcin C transport protein (ABC superfamily)
mdtJ	b1600	2.02	2.99	Multidrug efflux system transporter

^aChanges in a urine biofilm compared with planktonic growth in urine. Bold type indicates that there was significant upregulation.