TABLE 1.

Effects of L-lactate, mannitol, and combined mannitol/L-lactate administrations on GHB toxicokinetics GHB (208 mg/h/kg) was administered by i.v. infusion to reach a steady-state concentration. L-Lactate (60.5, 121, and 302 mg/h/kg) was administered by i.v. infusion for 3 h. D-Mannitol (0.5 g/kg) was administered by i.v. bolus. For the combined treatment, L-lactate (60.5 mg/h/kg) was administered by i.v. infusion for 3 h, and D-mannitol (0.5 g/kg) was administered by i.v. bolus. The ratio of brain to plasma was calculated using the brain concentrations divided by the last plasma concentration of GHB at the end of the study. [L-Lactate] change represents the concentration difference between the beginning and the end of the treatments; the mean L-lactate concentrations are given in Table 2. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test, n = 3 to 8, mean ± S.D.

	Control	L-Lactate (60.5 mg/h/kg)	L-Lactate (121 mg/h/kg)	L-Lactate (302.5 mg/h/kg)	D-Mannitol (0.5 g/kg)	D-Mannitol and L-Lactate
Plasma [GHB] (mg/ml)	0.62 ± 0.11	0.48 ± 0.04**	0.46 ± 0.01**	0.38 ± 0.02**	0.57 ± 0.08	0.45 ± 0.06**
GHB fe (%)	32.5 ± 5.2	36.6 ± 9.5	48.7 ± 2.7	41.8 ± 4.4	31.9 ± 6.5	39.8 ± 14.5
Plasma [inulin] (mg/ml)	0.19 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.04	0.19 ± 0.01	0.19 ± 0.01	0.18 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.04
GFR (ml/h/kg)	584 ± 111	482 ± 54	603 ± 30	549 ± 16	623 ± 114	538 ± 87
Percentage of GHB reabsorbed	80.3 ± 2.6	66.3 ± 10.2**	63.59 ± 5.1**	61.1 ± 4.8**	83.1 ± 6.5	65.1 ± 13.3*
Brain [GHB] (mg/g)	0.08 ± 0.04	0.10 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.04	0.06 ± 0.02
[L-Lactate] change (mM)	0 ± 0.08	0.27 ± 0.15	0.43 ± 0.06**	0.70 ± 0.08**	0.00 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.23

^*p < 0.05.

^**p < 0.01.